5種遺傳性癌癥可以從父母傳給孩子

5種遺傳性癌癥可以從父母傳給孩子

In Shaanxi, a family of 5 has 3 people (mother and 2 children) with thyroid cancer and other tumors. Such cancer is called "hereditary cancer".

在陜西，一個(gè)五口之家有3人(母親和2個(gè)孩子)患有甲狀腺癌和其他腫瘤。這種癌癥被稱為“遺傳性癌癥”。

Although the extreme cases mentioned above are relatively rare, they still make people feel afraid of cancer and make people confused about the truth about hereditary cancer.

雖然上面提到的極端案例相對少見，但它們?nèi)匀蛔屓藗儗Π┌Y感到恐懼，讓人們對遺傳性癌癥的真相感到困惑。

Some cancers can be hereditary

有些癌癥是遺傳的

Modern medical research has confirmed that more than 80% of cancers are accidentally formed under the influence of acquired factors, while only 5-10% of cancers are hereditary.

現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)研究證實(shí)，超過80%的癌癥是在后天因素的影響下偶然形成的，而只有5-10%的癌癥是遺傳性的。

Human cells always metabolize. After the cancer cells appear, they will only proliferate, not die, thus forming cancer. This kind of cancer is caused by a genetic mutation in the body’s own cells. For example, regular smokers will develop lung cancer due to long-term irritation to the lung, leading to cell mutation.

人體細(xì)胞總是在新陳代謝。癌細(xì)胞出現(xiàn)后，它們只會(huì)增殖，不會(huì)死亡，從而形成癌癥。這種癌癥是由人體自身細(xì)胞的基因突變引起的。例如，經(jīng)常吸煙的人會(huì)因?yàn)閷Ψ蔚拈L期刺激而患上肺癌，導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞突變。

As for hereditary cancer, after the first generation has cancer, data about this cancer remain in the gene. The mutation is passed from the parent to the next generation. But this is just a possibility, as no one can be sure that the next generation will have cancer in the future.

至于遺傳性癌癥，在第一代有癌癥之后，關(guān)于這種癌癥的數(shù)據(jù)仍然存在于基因中。這種突變從父母傳給下一代。但這只是一種可能性，因?yàn)闆]有人能確定下一代將來會(huì)得癌癥。

However, the risk of cancer of these people is higher compared to other groups.

然而，與其他人群相比，這些人患癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更高。

In addition to the acquired and hereditary factors, there are also tumors with genetic sensitivity - when the next generation have the same eating and lifestyle habits as their parents, the cancer cells are then "activated", otherwise they will be inactive and cause no harm to the body.

除了后天的和遺傳的因素外，還有一些具有遺傳敏感性的腫瘤——當(dāng)下一代與他們的父母有相同的飲食和生活習(xí)慣時(shí)，癌細(xì)胞就會(huì)被“激活”，否則癌細(xì)胞就會(huì)不活動(dòng)，不會(huì)對身體造成傷害。

These types of cancer can be hereditary

這些類型的癌癥可以遺傳

Breast cancer

乳腺癌

According to epidemiological investigations, 5-10% of breast cancers are related to genetic factors. If a mother has breast cancer, her daughter's risk of developing breast cancer in the future will increase 1.5 to 3 times. If two more close relatives have breast cancer, the risk will increase 7 times. Moreover, the younger the ones with cancer, the higher the risk of breast cancer for the child in the future.

據(jù)流行病學(xué)調(diào)查，5-10%的乳腺癌與遺傳因素有關(guān)。如果母親患有乳腺癌，她女兒未來患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)將增加1.5到3倍。如果近親中有2人患乳腺癌，患病幾率會(huì)增加7倍。此外，癌癥患者年齡越小，未來患乳腺癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就越高。

Stomach cancer

胃癌

According to a survey called “Cancer is not an infectious disease, but it may be hereditary” published in Xinhua newspaper in April 2020, the children of stomach-cancer patients are at risk of cancer 3 times higher in the future than children of people without this cancer.

據(jù)2020年4月新華社發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)名為“癌癥不是傳染病，但可能是遺傳病”的調(diào)查顯示，胃癌患者的孩子未來患癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是正常人的3倍。

Colorectal cancer

結(jié)腸直腸癌

Statistics show that hereditary colorectal cancer accounts for 10-15% of the total incidence. Children of parents with colorectal cancer are 3-4 times more likely to get the disease. If more than 2 people in a family have cancer, the remaining ones have a higher risk.

據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，遺傳大腸癌占總發(fā)病率的10-15%。父母患有結(jié)腸直腸癌的孩子患此病的幾率是父母的3-4倍。如果一個(gè)家庭中有兩個(gè)人以上患有癌癥，那么其余的人患癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就會(huì)更高。

Lung cancer

肺癌

Compared with other cancers, the genetic predisposition to lung cancer is unavoidable because its sensitivity is relatively high (children with a similar lifestyle of eating and drinking are similar to their parents, the chance of having a parent-like illness is higher, which is called genetic susceptibility).

與其他癌癥相比，肺癌的遺傳易感性是不可避免的，因?yàn)樗拿舾行韵鄬^高(飲食生活方式相似的兒童與父母相似，患父母樣疾病的幾率較高，稱為遺傳易感性)。

Liver cancer

肝癌

Like lung cancer, liver cancer is also relatively sensitive.

和肺癌一樣，肝癌也是比較敏感的。

Therefore, in everyday life, once someone in the family has cancer, we must first determine if it is genetic or not, then pay attention to the sensitivity of that cancer. If it's hereditary, you should take more precautions in the future. For some sensitive factors, the first thing to change is the environment and lifestyle.

因此，在日常生活中，一旦家庭中有人患了癌癥，我們必須首先確定是否是遺傳的，然后注意該癌癥的敏感性。如果它是遺傳的，你應(yīng)該在以后采取更多的預(yù)防措施。對于一些敏感的因素，首先要改變的是環(huán)境和生活方式。