“人造肉”要上餐桌了，你敢吃嗎？

Where does the meat on our table come from? It usually comes from farms, but very soon, the meat we eat could have been grown in a lab.

我們餐桌上的肉都是從哪兒來(lái)的呢?食用肉通常都來(lái)自農(nóng)場(chǎng)，但過(guò)不了多久，我們也能在實(shí)驗(yàn)室造肉了。

US company JUST recently announced that lab-grown meat could be on restaurant menus in the US and Asia by the end of 2018, The Independent reported.

據(jù)《獨(dú)立報(bào)》報(bào)道，美國(guó)公司JUST近期宣布，2018年年底前，實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的人造肉將出現(xiàn)在美國(guó)和亞洲的餐廳菜單上。

“These meats include chicken nuggets, sausage and foie gras,” said Josh Tetrick, CEO of JUST.

“這些肉類(lèi)包括了雞塊、香腸以及鵝肝醬，”JUST公司的首席執(zhí)行官喬希·蒂特里克表示。

“A bold prediction may finally come true,” commented Forbes, referring to what British Prime Minister Winston Churchill said in 1931: “We shall escape the absurdity of growing a whole chicken in order to eat the breast or wing, by growing these parts separately under a suitable medium”.

“一則大膽的預(yù)言或許終將成真，”《福布斯》雜志在評(píng)論中提及了英國(guó)首相溫斯特·丘吉爾1931年所說(shuō)的一句話(huà)：“我們應(yīng)當(dāng)擺脫為了吃雞胸肉或者雞翅而養(yǎng)一整只雞的荒謬邏輯，而是在適宜的介質(zhì)中分別培育這些部位。”

Lab meat is sometimes referred to as “clean meat”. According to the Guardian, to create clean meat, cell samples from animals’ muscles are taken. Then, the cells are grown into meat in a lab.

人造肉有時(shí)也被稱(chēng)為“清潔肉”。據(jù)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》報(bào)道，培育清潔肉需要從動(dòng)物肌肉中提取細(xì)胞樣本。然后這些細(xì)胞將在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中“生長(zhǎng)成”各種肉類(lèi)。

The main benefit of producing meat this way is the time that it takes. For example, raising a cow usually takes over 20 weeks, but producing a lab-grown burger takes only nine weeks, CNN reported.

用這種方式生產(chǎn)肉類(lèi)的主要好處是節(jié)省時(shí)間。打個(gè)比方，據(jù)CNN報(bào)道，將一頭牛養(yǎng)大通常需要20多周的時(shí)間，但在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中，生產(chǎn)出一個(gè)漢堡包只需要9周。

The first clean meat was a beef burger that was produced in 2013, but its taste was described as quite dry. However, people who tried the latest version of clean meat told CNN that they thought it tasted just like traditional meat.

首個(gè)使用清潔肉的牛肉漢堡是2013年制造出來(lái)的，但它吃起來(lái)卻干巴巴的。然而，嘗過(guò)最新版清潔肉的人在接受CNN采訪(fǎng)時(shí)卻表示，清潔肉的味道和傳統(tǒng)肉類(lèi)并無(wú)多少區(qū)別。

While the Guardian called clean meat “the start of the next food revolution,” some are wary of it. Producers of meat from livestock say that the name “clean meat” is misleading, claiming that this product isn’t “meat” at all.

盡管《衛(wèi)報(bào)》將清潔肉稱(chēng)為“下一場(chǎng)食物革命的開(kāi)端，”一些人卻對(duì)此持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。家畜肉類(lèi)生產(chǎn)商表示，“清潔肉”這個(gè)名字具有誤導(dǎo)性，這樣的產(chǎn)品根本不能算是“肉類(lèi)”。

“Why not just eat the meat from the cow instead of going through a laborious process that turns cow cells into other cow cells?” asked Slate magazine.

“為什么不直接吃牛肉，而是要費(fèi)心費(fèi)力地將一種牛細(xì)胞變成其他牛細(xì)胞呢?”《石板》雜志發(fā)問(wèn)道。

But another benefit of clean meat could be that it’s healthier than regular meat. By controlling what types of fats go into it, producers can make meat with healthy fats such as omega-3 fatty acids, which are good for people’s hearts.

但清潔肉的另一大好處在于它要比普通的肉類(lèi)更加健康。生產(chǎn)商們可以控制肉中所含的脂肪類(lèi)型，生產(chǎn)出富含健康脂肪的肉類(lèi)，如有益于心臟的ω-3脂肪酸。

Clean meat could also reduce global warming. According to The Washington Post, about 14.5 percent of the planet’s greenhouse gas emissions come from raising livestock. That’s more than the emissions produced by all of the world’s vehicles combined – including planes. It’s predicted that switching to clean meat could lower greenhouse emissions by 96 percent, The Independent reported.

清潔肉還能減緩全球變暖。據(jù)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，全球約有14.5%的溫室氣體排放量來(lái)源于牲畜養(yǎng)殖。這比世界上包括飛機(jī)在內(nèi)的所有交通工具的溫室氣體排放量還要多。據(jù)《獨(dú)立報(bào)》報(bào)道，轉(zhuǎn)而食用清潔肉預(yù)計(jì)能減少96%的溫室氣體排放量。