不讓孩子玩 當(dāng)心長(zhǎng)大找不到工作

Children will lack the work skills they need in the future because they are not spending enough time playing, a Lego executive has warned.

樂高的一名高管日前警告說：“如果孩子沒有充足的時(shí)間玩耍，他們將缺乏未來所需的工作技能。”

John Goodwin, head of Lego's charitable arm the Lego Foundation, says less time in the classroom and more time playing is the solution.

樂高旗下的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)樂高基金會(huì)主席約翰•古德溫說，應(yīng)對(duì)方法是少在教室里上課，多花時(shí)間玩耍。

The foundation has a 25% stake in the Danish toy maker, giving it a vested interest in encouraging play.

該基金會(huì)擁有丹麥樂高公司25%的股權(quán)，因此該基金會(huì)鼓勵(lì)玩?？梢员ＷC它的既得利益。

Mr Goodwin is attending the World Economic Forum in Davos, the annual gathering of top business and political leaders, in a bid to persuade them of the importance of play.

古德溫正在達(dá)沃斯參加世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇，在這個(gè)商界和政界大佬云集的年度大會(huì)上，古德溫試圖說服他們相信玩耍的重要性。

He took over running the foundation last year after a spell as Lego's chief financial officer.

在去年接手基金會(huì)之前，古德溫曾做過樂高的財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān)。

He hopes the Davos elite will put pressure on governments to make education more play-based.

他希望達(dá)沃斯論壇的精英們能向政府施加壓力，讓教育更多地以游戲?yàn)楸尽?/p>

If not, he believes companies will find it increasingly difficult to hire the type of staff they need: "Critical thinking and problem solving starts in early childhood development. It's where the foundations are laid."

如果不這么做，他相信未來各公司將發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越難招到他們需要的人才：“批判性思維和解決問題的能力的培養(yǎng)始于幼兒期。這是打基礎(chǔ)的階段。”

Mr Goodwin said technological advances, particularly the growth of the internet, meant that knowledge itself had become obsolete.

古德溫說，技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，尤其是網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展，意味著知識(shí)本身已經(jīng)過時(shí)。

Instead he said it was now more important to teach children how to learn, and work things out for themselves, with play being one way to achieve this goal.

他說，現(xiàn)在更重要的是教孩子如何學(xué)習(xí)，如何自己解決問題，而玩耍則是達(dá)到這一目標(biāo)的一個(gè)途徑。

Yet in a warning that will be familiar to many parents, the Lego Foundation chief says the "increasingly overscheduled world" of children has resulted in less time for them to do so.

但是，古德溫警告說，孩子們“排得越來越滿的日程”讓他們玩耍的時(shí)間變少了。這一警告也是許多家長(zhǎng)所熟知的事實(shí)。

This could have "serious long term consequences" for companies, he said.

古德溫說，這將給企業(yè)帶來“嚴(yán)重的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)后果”。

Mr Goodwin is not the first to warn about the issue: several studies have linked a drop in play with negative consequences.

古德溫不是第一個(gè)就該問題提出警告的人，許多研究都曾指出玩耍時(shí)間減少引發(fā)的負(fù)面影響。

Dr Peter Gray, a US psychologist and professor at Boston College, has argued that the fact children play less has led to an increase in childhood mental disorders including anxiety and depression, as well as a decline in empathy.

美國(guó)心理學(xué)家、波士頓學(xué)院教授皮特•格雷博士指出，孩子玩耍時(shí)間減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致兒童期精神障礙的情況增加，包括焦慮、抑郁和同理心減弱。

"In play, children themselves must decide what to do and how, and they must solve their own problems… and thereby develop competence and confidence," he wrote recently.

格雷博士最近寫道：“在玩耍過程中，孩子們自己必須決定做什么、怎么做，他們必須解決自己的問題……從而讓能力和自信心得到增強(qiáng)。”

Architect Frank Lloyd Wright and artist Paul Klee were also strong advocates of "block play" for children, to help develop spacial awareness and imagination.

建筑師弗蘭克•勞埃德•賴特和藝術(shù)家保羅•克利也都非常支持讓孩子玩積木游戲，他們認(rèn)為玩積木游戲可以培養(yǎng)空間意識(shí)和想象力。

其實(shí)在很久以前，就有一句諺語一針見血地說出了不讓孩子玩的后果： All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聰明杰克也變傻。