帶你探尋“習特會”舉行地海湖莊園的有趣歷史

4月6日至7日，中國國家主席習近平應美國總統(tǒng)特朗普的邀請，在其私人奢華莊園海湖莊園(Mar-a-Lago)舉行會晤。這座被外界稱為“冬季白宮”的莊園位于美國佛羅里達州棕櫚灘，莊園瀕臨大海，風景秀麗，是美國國家歷史地標之一，擁有一段有趣的歷史。

In 1973, cereal heiress Marjorie Merriweather Post donated her 128-room Palm Beach mansion to the U.S. government to be used as the "winter White House." And now that Donald Trump is president, that legacy has in some sense come true.

1973年，美國谷物食品公司女繼承人馬喬里•麥利維澤•波斯特將這所擁有128個房間的棕櫚灘別墅捐贈給美國政府當作“冬季白宮”。而如今，特朗普成為美國總統(tǒng)，在某種意義上，這一遺贈當初的用意算是實現(xiàn)了。

Post was one of the world's richest women when she finished building Mar-a-Lago in 1927 at a cost of $7 million. American architect Marion Sims Wyeth designed the estate, which sits on 20 acres that border the Atlantic Ocean on one side and Florida's Intracoastal Waterway on the other.

作為當時世界上最富有的女性之一，波斯特斥資700萬美元于1927年建成海湖莊園。莊園由美國建筑師瑪麗恩•西姆斯•懷斯設計，占地20英畝(約為80937平方米)，坐落于大西洋和佛羅里達州近岸內(nèi)航道之間。

Post willed her home to the American government upon her death with the intention that it be used as a warm-weather retreat for the president. But in 1981 the government returned Mar-a-Lago, which had been declared a National Historic Landmark a year earlier, to the Post Foundation, citing its high annual maintenance cost of $1 million.

波斯特死后將海湖莊園遺贈給美國政府，打算讓總統(tǒng)將這里作為溫暖的靜養(yǎng)之所。1980年，海湖莊園被列為美國國家歷史地標。美國政府于1981年將其歸還給波斯特基金會，原因是莊園每年的維護費高達100萬美元。

MAR-A-LAGO'S LIVING ROOM IN 1967

Enter Donald Trump. The mogul's reported first offer for the property - $28 million - was turned down. But he persisted and the market slumped. Trump ended up getting the property for $5 million in 1985, and paid an additional $3 million for Post's antiques and furniture.

隨后特朗普出現(xiàn)了。據(jù)稱，這位地產(chǎn)大亨最初出價2800萬美元購買海湖莊園遭到拒絕。但他沒有放棄，而適逢房地產(chǎn)市場暴跌。特朗普最終在1985年以500萬美元的價格購得莊園，并額外支付300萬美元購買波斯特的古董和家具。

Trump turned Mar-a-Lago into a private club in 1995 and built a 20,000-square-foot ballroom with $7 million in gold leaf. He also spent $100,000 on four gold-plated sinks. Basically, there's gold everywhere you look. (When Trump is in residence, he and his family stay in a private wing of the house.)

1995年，特朗普將海湖莊園改造成一間私人俱樂部，并斥資700萬美元打造了一個2萬平方英尺(約為1858平方米)的鍍金舞廳。他還花了10萬美元購買4個鍍金水池。放眼望去，這里基本上到處都是金色的。(特朗普在這里時，他和家人待在莊園里的一處私人居住區(qū)。)

Donald Trump with his then-wife Ivana and staff at Mar-a-Lago in 1987.

Last spring, Trump's former butler and Mar-a-Lago's unofficial historian, Anthony Senecal told the New York Times about the house's "library, paneled with centuries-old British oak and filled with rare first-edition books that no one in the family ever read."

2016年春天，特朗普的前任管家兼海湖莊園非官方歷史專家安東尼•塞內(nèi)加爾對《紐約時報》描述了這里的圖書館：“墻壁鑲嵌著百年英國橡木，館內(nèi)擺滿了珍貴的初版書籍，不過這家人誰也沒讀過那些書。”

Trump hasn't always seen eye-to-eye with the locals over his plans for Mar-a-Lago. In the last decade, for example, he has fought the town of Palm Beach over the size of an American flag. The original, installed in 2006, was on an 80-foot pole and Palm Beach ordinances forbade flag poles higher than 42 feet; violation carries a daily fine of $250.

特朗普總是因為對海湖莊園的安排不斷與當?shù)厝税l(fā)生摩擦。例如，在過去十年里，他曾為了一面美國國旗的尺寸與棕櫚灘鎮(zhèn)爭論不休。他起初在2006年安裝的旗桿高80英尺(約為24米)，而棕櫚灘的法規(guī)禁止旗桿高于42英尺(約為13米);違規(guī)者將被處以每日250美元的罰款。

Trump sued for $25 million claiming his right to free speech was being violated. Ultimately he and the town came to an agreement: Trump switched to a smaller flag posted on a 70-foot pole. And instead of paying fines, he donated $100,000 to veterans' charities.

特朗普以侵犯言論自由為名起訴棕櫚灘鎮(zhèn)，要求其賠償2500萬美元。最終，雙方達成和解：特朗普換了一面較小的國旗掛在70英尺(約為21米)高的旗桿上。他也沒有繳納罰款，而是向退伍軍人慈善機構捐贈10萬美元。

Then last year Trump sued Palm Beach County for what he called "deliberate and malicious" moves to direct departing flights from the Palm Beach International Airport over Mar-a-Lago. He dropped that suit in November, after the election. It's a moot point now anyway, as the secret service requested a no-fly zone be established over Mar-a-Lago when Trump is in residence.

之后，在2016年，特朗普又因棕櫚灘鎮(zhèn)安排棕櫚灘國際機場的離港航班飛過海湖莊園而將其起訴，稱這是“蓄意且惡意的行為”。2016年11月大選結束后，特朗普放棄訴訟。不過，現(xiàn)在這個爭議已經(jīng)沒有意義了，因為特朗普身處海湖莊園期間，特勤處要求在其上空設立禁飛區(qū)。

When he opened Mar-a-Lago, Trump welcomed Jewish members, African-Americans, and gay couples, who had been prohibited from joining other Palm Beach clubs. Club members reportedly used to pay a $100,000 initiation fee and annual dues of $14,000 (along with taxes and an annual food minimum of $2,000) for the privilege of using the facilities like pool. On January 1, following Trump's November victory, the inauguration fee was reportedly increased to $200,000.

特朗普的海湖莊園開業(yè)后，俱樂部成員包括猶太人、非裔美國人以及同情戀情侶，而這些人都被禁止進入其他棕櫚灘俱樂部。據(jù)報道，該俱樂部成員需繳納10萬美元的入會費和1.4萬美元的年費(以及稅費和每年至少2000美元的餐飲費)才能獲得使用泳池等特權。據(jù)稱，特朗普贏得大選后，自今年1月1日起，該俱樂部的入會費已經(jīng)漲到了20萬美元。

It is, by most accounts, a profitable business. Trump made $15.6 million from the club in 2014. He reportedly stands to profit even more as president, both through higher fees and through increased interest in the club and its events.

很多事實表明，這是一件有利可圖的買賣。2014年，特朗普從這家俱樂部賺了1560萬美元。據(jù)稱，他擔任總統(tǒng)后，俱樂部的盈利甚至更高，因為會費漲了，而且人們對這間俱樂部及其舉辦的活動也更感興趣。

The Beach Club is on the Atlantic Ocean side of the property.

Trump apparently feels more comfortable at Mar-a-Lago than almost anywhere else, and his pleasure in the estate was in evidence when he talked about it back in 2014. "I have 24 acres in Palm Beach and nobody has anything like that. A big house is on one acre. I have 24. It's the great estate of Palm Beach."

特朗普似乎覺得海湖莊園幾乎比其他任何地方都更加舒適，從他2014年的一次談話就可以看出他對這座莊園的喜愛。“我在棕櫚灘擁有占地24英畝的宅子，其他人都沒有。占地一英畝的就是大宅。而我的宅院占地24英畝。這是棕櫚灘上雄偉的莊園。”