接吻可能導(dǎo)致的五種疾病(雙語)
雖然研究表明，接吻十秒的時間內(nèi)，大概8000萬細(xì)菌和病毒會進(jìn)行傳遞，但是艾滋病和寨卡這樣的疾病卻不可能通過這樣的方式傳播。
That doesn’t mean you’re totally safe when puckering up. Read on for some unpleasant consequences of the intimate bliss that is a kiss.
這也不意味著接吻的時候你就是絕對安全的?？靵砜纯刺鹈鄣慕游强赡軙砟男廊说暮蠊伞?/p>
1. Any respiratory virus -- such as a cold, the flu, mumps and German measles -- could certainly be spread by kissing. But you’re more likely to get infected way before you lock lips.
1. 任何呼吸道病毒——比如感冒，流感，流行性腮腺炎以及風(fēng)疹——都是可以通過接吻傳播的。但是在嘴唇接觸之前你可能早就被傳染了。
You can obtain these viruses, called contact diseases, by being within three to six feet of a person who is sneezing or coughing, or by touching something they have touched and then bringing your fingers to your nose or mouth. That’s why vaccinations -- and lots of handwashing -- are your best bet to avoid these extremely contagious diseases.
但是這些病毒，也就是所謂的接觸性疾病，能夠在你距離一個打噴嚏或者咳嗽的人三到六英尺的時候，或者你接觸過任何他們摸過的東西之后又將手指靠近口鼻的時候，就感染你。這也是為什么預(yù)防措施以及常洗手就是避免這些高傳染性疾病的最佳方式。
2. Called the "kissing disease," mononucleosis is usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and comes with extreme fatigue and flu-like symptoms such as fever, sore throat, muscle weakness and swollen lymph glands. Ages 15 to 30 are most susceptible to mono, as well as those who spend a lot of time in close contact with others, like high school and college students and members of sports teams.
2. 所謂的“接吻病”，單核細(xì)胞增多癥，一般由愛潑斯坦-巴爾病毒引起，造成極度疲憊以及流感類癥狀，比如發(fā)燒，喉嚨疼痛，肌無力以及淋巴腺腫大。15歲到30歲的人是單核細(xì)胞增多癥的高發(fā)人群，也是和他人進(jìn)行親密接觸最多的人群，比如高中生，大學(xué)生以及運動隊隊員。
There’s no treatment for mononucleosis, so staying rested and hydrated and taking over-the-counter pain meds can help you survive the one- to two-month infection.
單核細(xì)胞增多癥沒有治療辦法，因此多休息，多喝水以及服用非處方止痛藥能保住你度過一個月到兩個月的感染期。
3. Cold sores or fever blisters are actually the result of the herpes simplex virus. The Centers for Disease Control says that at least half of all Americans are infected with herpes simplex, most of us by the age of 20. Just a quick smooch can give this to your partner or even your children. All they have to do is come into contact with the virus while it’s shedding, which can happen even before the telltale blister begins to form. Warning symptoms are mild: an itching, burning or tingling in the area, along with a possible sore throat, fever or swollen glands.
3. 唇皰疹是單純皰疹病毒引起的最常見的病癥。疾控中心表示至少一半美國人都感染上單純皰疹病毒，大部分都是20歲左右的年輕人。只短暫的一個親吻就可能把病毒傳染給你的伴侶，甚至是你的孩子。他們只要在病毒脫落之時接觸到就會被感染，而感染有可能發(fā)生在水泡生成之前。預(yù)警癥狀比較溫和：感染部位瘙癢，灼痛或者有刺痛感，可能伴有喉嚨疼痛，發(fā)燒或者腺體腫大。
4. Cytomegalovirus is another not-so-well-known member of the herpes family that can be spread by kissing. A majority of us have antibodies in our systems against this virus but never knew we were infected. That’s because healthy adults and children often have no signs or symptoms. Spread through saliva, blood, urine, semen and breast milk, Cytomegalovirus can become a problem if you have a compromised immune system. Fever, fatigue and muscles aches are the common symptoms, but severe cases can result in seizures, pneumonia, encephalitis (an inflammation of the brain) and visual problems.
4. 巨細(xì)胞病毒是另一種不那么為人所知的可通過接吻傳播的皰疹家族的一員。我們中大多數(shù)人身體中都有對抗這種病毒的抗體，但是我們從不知道我們被感染過。這是因為健康的成人和兒童都不會出現(xiàn)任何跡象或者癥狀。巨細(xì)胞病毒可通過唾液、血液、尿液、精液和乳汁傳播，如果你的免疫系統(tǒng)不夠強大就可能會出問題。常見的癥狀有發(fā)燒、疲勞以及肌肉酸痛，但是重者會導(dǎo)致癲癇發(fā)作，肺炎，腦炎(一種腦內(nèi)炎癥)以及視覺障礙。
5. A bacterium that can cause a range of infections, Group A streptococcus is spread through direct contact with mucus from the nose or throat of an infected person. Thought might sound gross, you will come into contact with mucus while kissing, but you could just as easily catch it by eating or drinking after an infected person. While most infections, like strep throat, are mild and easily treated with antibiotics, an untreated strep infection can lead to pneumonia.
5. A組鏈球菌是一種能引起許多種感染的細(xì)菌，通過直接接觸被感染者的鼻喉粘液進(jìn)行傳播。聽起來可能有點惡心，但是你確實會在接吻的時候接觸到鼻喉粘液，與被感染者一同吃喝(不區(qū)分餐具)也會輕易被細(xì)菌感染到。然而更常見的感染癥狀，例如鏈球菌性喉炎，能通過抗生素快速治療，而喉部感染如不經(jīng)醫(yī)治會導(dǎo)致肺炎。
