在服用抗生素的時(shí)候飲酒，壞處有多大？

Q: Is it so terrible to have a glass of wine while on antibiotics?

問(wèn)題：在服用抗生素的時(shí)候飲一杯酒，壞處有多大?

With a few antibiotics in particular, it is a pretty big deal. Metronidazole, tinidazole, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole should never be mixed with any amount of alcohol because the combo can cause an unpleasant reaction, which may include headache, flushing, a rapid heartbeat, nausea, and vomiting. (FYI: Some cold medicines have alcohol in them, so read labels carefully.)

如果是正在服用一些特殊的抗生素，那么后果就會(huì)很?chē)?yán)重。甲硝噠唑、磺甲硝咪唑、復(fù)方新諾明絕對(duì)不能與任何酒精混合，因?yàn)檫@一組合會(huì)引起不舒服的反應(yīng)，比如頭痛、臉紅、心率加快、頭暈和嘔吐。(僅供參考：一些感冒藥中含有酒精成分，所以要仔細(xì)閱讀標(biāo)簽說(shuō)明。)

As for other antibiotics, sipping a small amount of alcohol generally won't hamper their effectiveness, though some folks may find that the drugs' usual side effects (upset stomach, dizziness, drowsiness) are enhanced by alcohol.

至于其他抗生素，喝少量的酒一般不會(huì)影響藥效，但是一些人卻發(fā)現(xiàn)這些抗生素有一些副作用(肚子痛、頭暈、犯困)會(huì)因?yàn)楹染贫鰪?qiáng)。

But there are legitimate reasons why many doctors often warn against mixing the two. If that one drinks turns into several, the excess alcohol can depress your immune system and leave you tired and dehydrated. So if you're sick enough to need antibiotics, you're not helping your chances of getting better quickly by downing a glass of wine. Sorry to be a buzzkill!

但是許多醫(yī)生經(jīng)常警告說(shuō)這兩種物質(zhì)不能混合，還是很有道理的。如果一個(gè)人不是喝了一杯酒，而是喝了好多杯，過(guò)量的酒精會(huì)降低你的免疫力，會(huì)讓你感到疲憊以及脫水。因此，如果你的不適需要抗生素來(lái)治療，同時(shí)喝下一杯喝酒的話，你的病不會(huì)好得更快。有點(diǎn)掃興，十分抱歉!

Health’s medical editor, Roshini Rajapaksa, MD, is assistant professor of medicine at the NYU School of Medicine.

馬里蘭州的拉賈帕克薩是一位健康醫(yī)學(xué)編輯，也是紐約大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院的醫(yī)學(xué)助理教授。