端午節(jié)的來(lái)歷和習(xí)俗

導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：端午節(jié)(農(nóng)歷5月5日)是中國(guó)古老的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，始于春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期，至今已有2000多年歷史。再過(guò)兩天就是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的端午節(jié)了，聽(tīng)力課堂將為大家更加詳細(xì)的介紹一下端午節(jié)的起源及風(fēng)俗。

端午節(jié)的來(lái)歷和習(xí)俗

The Dragon Boat Festival occurs on the fifth day of the fifth moon of the lunar calendar. It is one of the three most important of the annual Chinese festivals. The other two are the Autumn Moon Festival and Chinese New Year.

端午節(jié)在每年陰歷的五月初五與我們相遇，它是最重要的中國(guó)三大節(jié)日之一，另外兩個(gè)為中秋節(jié)和農(nóng)歷春節(jié)。

The story of this colorful festival concerns a famous Chinese scholar-statesman named Chu Yuan. Who some three centuries before the birth of Christ, served the King of Chu during the Warring States period. As a loyal minister, Chu Yuan at first enjoyed the full confidence and respect of his sovereign. Eventually, through the intrigues of his rivals, he was discredited.

這個(gè)豐富多彩的節(jié)日與我國(guó)歷史上著名的詩(shī)人、政治家屈原息息相關(guān)。在公元前三世紀(jì)的戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期，屈原是楚國(guó)的重臣。作為尊貴的三閭大夫，在端政初期，屈原充滿自信并深得皇帝尊重，但隨著政敵和小人的陰謀詆毀，屈原漸漸失去了信任

Chu Yuan was never able to regain the emperor's favor and on the fifth day of the fifth moon in the year 278 B.C.(Before Christ), at the age of 62, Chu Yuan clasped a stone to his chest and plunged into the Milo River in the Hunan Province.

屈原最終再?zèng)]能贏得楚懷王及頃襄王的信任，最終在公元前278年五月初五在湖南省汨羅江懷石自沉江底。時(shí)年62歲。

Respecting the minister as an upright and honest man, the people who lived in the area jumped into their boats and rushed out in a vain search for him. This unsuccessful rescue attempt is a part of what the Dragon Boat Festival commemorates every year.

人們?yōu)榱梭w現(xiàn)對(duì)于屈原先生高尚而誠(chéng)潔的品格的尊敬，在汨羅江附近的人們乘著龍舟，尋找著屈原的遺體，雖然最終沒(méi)有找到，但此次不成功的營(yíng)救行動(dòng)卻成為端午節(jié)每年的紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。

Probably the most exciting and interesting aspect of the festival is the racing of the Dragon Boats. These races not only symbolize the people's attempt to save Chu Yuan, they also demonstrate the Chinese virtues of cooperation and teamwork.

在端午節(jié)活動(dòng)中最為激烈精彩的莫過(guò)于賽龍舟了，當(dāng)然這已不僅僅是營(yíng)救屈原的象征了，而是一種深切體現(xiàn)中華民族協(xié)同合作美好品質(zhì)的證明。

Another activity of the Festival is the making and eating of a kind of dumpling called Tzungtzu (粽子). When it became known that Chu Yuan was gone forever, the people, living along the river, threw cooked rice into the water as a sacrifice to their dead hero. They wrapped rice in bamboo leaves, and stuffed(填滿) it with ham, beans, bean paste(豆沙), salted egg yokes, sausages, nuts, and vegetables.

另外一種端午獨(dú)特的活動(dòng)是制作和品嘗粽子，當(dāng)屈原離世的時(shí)候，汨羅江畔人民做好粽子祭奠他們心中的英雄，他們用竹葉把糯米包好，填滿細(xì)肉、豆子、豆沙、咸蛋、香腸、干果和蔬菜等等。

To the Chinese the fifth lunar moon is more than just the Dragon Boat Festival. Since antiquity, they have believed that this month is a pestilential and danger-fraught period. Children born in this month are said to be difficult to raise, and people tend to concentrate their efforts during this time attempting to protect their families from ills and misfortune. The day of the Dragon Boat Festival is customarily the time when cleaning and sanitation are stressed. Most families hang calamus and artemisia above their doors, both as a decoration and as a preventive against pestilence.

在五月初五這一天，意義其實(shí)超過(guò)了賽龍舟吃粽子種種。在古代，人們認(rèn)為五月是危險(xiǎn)和病禍?zhǔn)⑿械脑路荩律鷥阂舱J(rèn)為難以成活，因此這天人們會(huì)進(jìn)行各種活動(dòng)來(lái)保護(hù)自己的家庭遠(yuǎn)離不幸。端午節(jié)這天有很多習(xí)俗，清理打掃是重點(diǎn)，大多數(shù)家庭在門前懸掛菖蒲和艾草，這既是端午節(jié)的裝飾也是驅(qū)除瘟疫的防范。

Ancient folk medicine such as realgar(雄黃酒)are added to the food eaten on the Festival day. This is believed to prevent disease and to promote a healthy digestive system The drinking of realgar in wine supposedly relieves the effects of poisons accumulated in human bodies.

古代人在這天還會(huì)少許飲一些雄黃的藥酒，他們堅(jiān)信雄黃酒可以祛除病痛，提高我們消化系統(tǒng)的健康。但現(xiàn)今科學(xué)證實(shí)，飲雄黃酒對(duì)于人體會(huì)有一定的毒害作用。

The sachets are very popular with children and they vie with each other to collect as many as possible. Children are not the only ones who collect Hsiang Pao. Older people are often given them as a symbol of respect, and they are highly prized because of the intricate and beautiful embroidery and that adorns them.

香包是在孩子們之間很流行的習(xí)俗，孩子們相互“攀比”是能夠收集最多香包。其實(shí)收集香包的又何嘗僅僅是孩子呢?老年人也經(jīng)常收到香包作為一種受尊敬的象征，而且他們也會(huì)贊嘆那些做工精致美麗的刺繡并裝飾它們。

The Dragon Boat Festival is an entertaining and enjoyable event. It gives the observer an opportunity to glimpse a part of the rich Chinese cultural heritage

端午節(jié)是一種極具娛樂(lè)性和享受性的盛大節(jié)日，這么多習(xí)俗給予我們一個(gè)特殊的視角來(lái)領(lǐng)略我們偉大中國(guó)文化遺產(chǎn)的冰山一瞥。