求職雖不易 誠實不可棄

In Job Hunting, Honesty Is Still the Best Policy

What's the harm in a little white lie on your résumé, especially if it will help you finally nab that full-time position?
如果能幫你最終獲得這份全職工作，在簡歷中撒點小謊有什么大礙？

Just ask George O'Leary, the Notre Dame football coach who was forced to resign five days after being hired when lies about his academic and athletic background came to light. Or Marilee Jones, an MIT dean who fudged on her credentials and quit when she was found out.
問問歐列瑞(George O'Leary)吧。由于在自己的學歷和運動背景上撒謊一事被曝光，這名美國圣母大學(Notre Dame)的橄欖球教練在上任五天之后被迫辭職?；蛘邌枂柇偹?Marilee Jones)也行。由于被人發(fā)現(xiàn)偽造資歷證明，她辭去了麻省理工學院(MIT)的系主任一職。

Sure, these are high-profile examples, but rank-and-file workers also fall into the trap -- and get caught.
當然，這些都是高端人士的例子，但普通工作者也會落入這一陷阱，并最終東窗事發(fā)。

Yet with all the uncertainty and anxiety these days over landing a job with a steady paycheck, more job seekers are finding it harder to resist fudging on a résumé or job application in order to paint themselves in the best light.
然而，尋找一份有穩(wěn)定收入的工作時所面臨的所有這些不確定性和焦慮讓大多數求職者發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越難以抵抗捏造簡歷或求職申請的誘惑，他們想把自己最好的一面描繪出來。

After all, while the unemployment rate remained at a steady 9.7% in March, more than 6.5 million people are still facing long-term unemployment, according to the Department of Labor Statistics. It will be a slog to make a big dent in the nation's unemployment numbers.
畢竟，美國勞工統(tǒng)計局(Department of Labor Statistics)數據顯示，3月份的失業(yè)率仍穩(wěn)定地保持在9.7%，超過650萬人仍面臨長期失業(yè)。大幅減少美國的失業(yè)數字將是一個艱難的工作。

'It's such a tough spot that many people find themselves in right now with the number of long-term unemployed at historic highs,' says John Challenger, chief executive officer of global outplacement consultancy Challenger, Gray & Christmas. 'It's easy to falsify or embellish beyond a point that would be an ethical representation of your accomplishments.'
全球職業(yè)顧問公司Challenger, Gray & Christmas公司首席執(zhí)行長查倫格(John Challenger)說，長期失業(yè)人數處于歷史高位，許多人發(fā)現(xiàn)自己現(xiàn)在處于如此艱難的困境。在這種情況下，人們易于去偽造或修飾自己的過去，而不是誠實地展現(xiàn)自己的成績。

According to the 2009 Screening Index released by ADP, a human-resources and payroll provider, 46% of employment, education or credential reference checks conducted in 2008 revealed discrepancies. That's up from 41% in 2006.
人力資源和薪資數據提供商ADP公司公布的2009年篩查指數顯示，2008年進行的核查結果顯示，對求職者的工作及教育背景或推薦信的檢查中有46%存在不符之處，2006年為41%。

And the current job climate is even riper for résumé fraud, says Jenifer DeLoach, a senior vice president at Kroll, a New York-based global risk consultancy.
總部位于紐約的全球風險咨詢公司──高樂公司(Kroll)高級副總裁迪羅克(Jenifer DeLoach)稱，當前的工作環(huán)境導致簡歷作假進入高發(fā)期。
Crossing the Line
越界犯規(guī)

The art of résumé writing does allow you to push skills to the limit of an imaginary line, says Wendy S. Enelow, an executive career consultant in Coleman Falls, Va. 'It's about merchandising and selling a product. You do want to highlight the benefits and value of that product, but only within the realm of reality.'
美國Coleman Falls公司管理人員職業(yè)顧問恩尼羅(Wendy S. Enelow)說，寫簡歷時有一條假想的線。允許你在這條線內使用一定的技巧。就像是推銷一件產品。你當然想凸顯這件產品的優(yōu)點和價值，但不能超越事實。

The hard part, of course, is to avoid crossing that line.
當然，最難之處在于避免越過這條線。

Say you're an accountant and spend 80% of your time focusing on accounting and 20% on IT-related work, says Ms. Enelow. If you now want to pursue an IT job, you should highlight your skills and qualifications on a résumé in a way that places more emphasis on the IT. 'This way someone sees a qualified IT professional who happened to be an accountant as opposed to the other way around,' she says.
恩尼羅說，假如你是一名會計，花了80%的時間專注于會計事務，20%的時間處理與IT相關的工作。如果你現(xiàn)在想找一份IT的工作，你應當在簡歷中更多地強調你在IT方面的技術和資質。她說，這樣別人就會認為你是一名合格的IT專業(yè)人士，只不過碰巧當過會計而已，而不是與之相反。

Crossing the line would be stating that you 'single-handedly spearheaded the effort to switch from system A to system B' or some other claim to leadership in the IT department, Ms. Enelow adds.
恩尼羅補充道，如果你聲稱“單槍匹馬地帶頭完成了從系統(tǒng)A到系統(tǒng)B的轉換”或聲稱在IT部門擔任領導職務，就是越界犯規(guī)。

Steven Lurie, the author of 'Handbook for Early Career Success,' says he worked with a woman who exaggerated her responsibilities and previous salary when applying for an administrative job at a law firm last year. She got the job. But her exaggerations were discovered during a background check soon after and she was fired.
《職場快速成功手冊》(Handbook for Early Career Success)的作者盧里(Steven Lurie)說曾與一位女士共事。這位女士去年向一家律師事務所申請一份行政工作時夸大了自己過去的職責和薪酬。她得到了那份工作。但不久后的背景調查發(fā)現(xiàn)了她夸大事實的行為，她被公司解雇。

'A lot of companies have zero-tolerance policies if they catch you' lying, says Mr. Challenger.
查倫格說，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)你說謊，許多公司的政策容忍度為零。

People who didn't complete a degree program can still list the school on a résumé, but they should indicate the 'strongest possible presentation that is truthful,' such as 'completed 50% of requirements for Bachelor of Science in Business Administration' or 'Bachelor of Arts candidate, anticipate completion in 2011,' says Louise Kursmark, an executive résumé writer and career consultant. Crossing the line would be saying you graduated with that degree.
管理人員簡歷作家、職業(yè)顧問科斯馬克(Louise Kursmark)說，未完成的學位計劃仍可列在簡歷中，但應當盡可能地從對自己有利的角度出發(fā)，但真實地表述事實，例如“完成了50%的工商管理學學士課程”，或“文學士候選人，預計于2011年完成學業(yè)”等。如果你說已畢業(yè)并取得學位就是越界犯規(guī)。

Older job seekers can leave off the years they went to school. Changing the years is lying.
年齡較大的求職者可不寫上學的年份，但篡改年份即為說謊。

Also a no-no: stating that you were part of a mass downsizing when you were actually fired, says Mr. Challenger. But do leave off the reason for leaving a previous job, says Ms. Kursmark.
查倫格說，如果你真地遭到解雇，卻聲稱是大規(guī)模裁員計劃中的一員，就觸犯了另一條禁律?？扑柜R克說，但不要在簡歷中說明你的離職原因。

In fact, you want to avoid filling a résumé with too many details, especially personal ones. If you have a black mark -- a stint in jail, a trip to rehab or you've been fired from a previous job -- 'that's something that should be dealt with during an interview,' says Meg Montford, an executive career coach in Kansas City, Mo. If you're asked or it looks like a job offer is imminent, 'you have to be honest,' she says, especially since more companies are doing reference and background checks.
事實上，你應當避免在簡歷中填寫太多的細節(jié)，特別是個人細節(jié)。密蘇里州管理人員職業(yè)培訓師蒙特福德(Meg Montford)說，如果你有污點，例如曾坐過監(jiān)獄、戒過毒或被上一家公司開除，這都是應當在面試時處理的問題。她說，如果被問及此事，或看上去即將得到這份工作，你必須實話實說，特別是由于越來越多的公司現(xiàn)在會詢問推薦人和進行背景調查，你更應當誠實以對。

ADP says the number of background checks it performed for companies rose 24% in the first quarter from a year earlier.
ADP公司稱今年第一季度為其它公司做背景調查的次數同比增加了24%。

You should be upfront and briefly explain why you parted on negative terms with a former employer, or why you were arrested. 'Don't blame anyone but yourself,' says Ms. Montford. 'And end your story about your situation with what you learned and how that impacts how you work going forward.'
你應當誠實并簡要解釋為什么被解雇或被逮捕。蒙特福德說，除了你自己，不要責怪任何人。描述完你的境遇，最后要說明你從中汲取了什么教訓、這件事對你的影響以及你將如何繼續(xù)前行。

Damage Control
損害控制

What if you've already sent out a résumé that paints a less-than-accurate portrait of your accomplishments?
如果你發(fā)出的簡歷中不太準確地描述了你的成就怎么辦？

Mr. Challenger says there's no need to call employers you sent a résumé to if you haven't heard back from them.
查倫格說，如果你投簡歷的公司沒有回音就不必給他們打電話。

If you have an interview lined up, however, that's the time to clear up any exaggerations. 'You could say something as simple as, 'After I submitted my résumé I realized that this date is wrong and should be this date,'[nbsp ]' says Ms. Montford. 'Or, 'As I looked over my résumé, I realized that this project was more of a team effort rather than an individual responsibility.'[nbsp ]'
然而，如果你已經訂好面試時間，就應當澄清你夸大的部分。蒙特福德說，你可以簡單地說，“提交了簡歷之后我意識到這個日期寫錯了，應當是這個日期”；或者“我檢查簡歷時發(fā)現(xiàn)這項計劃應當是由團隊共同努力完成而不僅僅是我個人的職責”。

But if you've told a whopper about where you worked or went to school, it's nearly impossible to recover, Ms. Enelow says. A prospective employer will think: 'You've told me you're a liar. I've got 500 people in line for that job, and how do I know that you won't lie to a client? To a colleague?'
恩尼羅說，但如果你在學歷和工作經歷方面撒了彌天大謊，那就幾乎無法彌補了。招聘者會想，你告訴我你騙了人。我這兒有500個人等著要這個職位，而且我怎么知道你不會對客戶撒謊？不會對同事撒謊？

If that's the case, Mr. Challenger says, you should move on, fix the mistakes on the résumé and be honest going forward.
查倫格說，如果情況是這樣，你應當向前看，修正簡歷中的錯誤，并誠實地走好未來的每一步。