英語練習(xí)：軟件話題四六級閱讀理解

閱讀理解原文

Criminals like drug traffickers represent a market for encrypted, secure communications away from the eyes of law enforcement. In the early mobile era, that gave rise to a niche industry of specialized, secured phones criminals used to conduct their business.

Joseph’s done a ton of reporting on this over the years, and the book ends up telling a truly extraordinary story: After breaking into a few of these encrypted smartphone companies, the FBI ended up running one of these secure phone services itself so it could spy on criminals around the world. And that means the FBI had to actually run a company, with all the problems of any other tech startup: cloud services, manufacturing and shipping issues, customer service, expansion, and scale.

The company was called Anom, and for about three years, it gave law enforcement agencies around the world a crystal-clear window into the criminal underworld. In the end, the feds shut it down in large part because it was too successful — again, a truly wild story. Now, with the rise of apps like Signal, most criminals no longer need specialized hardware, but that, of course, raises a whole new set of issues.

The book is a great read, but it also touches on a lot of things we talk about a lot here on Decoder. There really are bad people out there using tech to help them do bad things, but the same tools that keep their communications private help give everyone else their privacy, too — whistleblowers, dissenters, ordinary people like you and me.

There’s a deep tension between privacy and security that constantly runs through tech, and you’ll hear us really dig into the way tech companies and governments are forever going back and forth on it. There’s a lot here, and it’s a fun one.

閱讀理解題目

1.What niche industry emerged in the early mobile era, catering to criminals?
A) Encrypted communication apps
B) Specialized, secured phones
C) Law enforcement agencies
D) Tech startups

2.Why did the FBI end up running one of the secure phone services?
A) To compete with other tech startups
B) To expand its cloud services
C) To spy on criminals globally
D) To provide customer service

3.What led to the shutdown of the company Anom by the federal authorities?
A) It faced manufacturing and shipping issues.
B) It became too successful in exposing criminal activities.
C) It failed to provide adequate customer service.
D) It experienced problems with cloud services.
4.According to the passage, what has diminished the need for specialized hardware among criminals?
A) The shutdown of Anom by the federal authorities.
B) The rise of tech startups in the encryption industry.
C) The popularity of apps like Signal.
D) The lack of manufacturing and shipping issues.

5.What tension does the passage highlight in the tech industry?
A) The competition between tech companies and governments.
B) The conflict between whistleblowers and ordinary people.
C) The balance between privacy and security.
D) The cooperation between law enforcement agencies and tech startups.

中文翻譯

販毒者等犯罪分子代表著一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)視線的加密、安全通信市場。在早期的移動(dòng)時(shí)代，這催生了一個(gè)專門的安全手機(jī)行業(yè)，犯罪分子利用這些手機(jī)開展業(yè)務(wù)。

多年來，約瑟夫?qū)Υ俗隽舜罅繄?bào)道，這本書講述了一個(gè)真正非凡的故事：在入侵幾家加密智能手機(jī)公司后，聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局最終自己運(yùn)營了一家安全電話服務(wù)公司，以便監(jiān)視世界各地的犯罪分子。這意味著聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局必須實(shí)際運(yùn)營一家公司，面臨其他任何科技初創(chuàng)公司面臨的所有問題：云服務(wù)、制造和運(yùn)輸問題、客戶服務(wù)、擴(kuò)張和規(guī)模。

這家公司名叫 Anom，在大約三年的時(shí)間里，它為世界各地的執(zhí)法機(jī)構(gòu)提供了一扇清晰的窗口，讓它們可以一窺犯罪黑社會。最終，聯(lián)邦政府將其關(guān)閉，很大程度上是因?yàn)樵摴咎晒α?mdash;—這又是一個(gè)真正瘋狂的故事。現(xiàn)在，隨著 Signal 等應(yīng)用程序的興起，大多數(shù)犯罪分子不再需要專門的硬件，但這當(dāng)然又引發(fā)了一系列新問題。

這本書讀起來很棒，但它也涉及到我們在Decoder上經(jīng)常討論的很多事情。確實(shí)有一些壞人利用科技來幫助他們做壞事，但同樣的工具既能讓他們保持通信的私密性，也能讓其他人——告密者、異見人士、像你我這樣的普通人——擁有隱私。

隱私和安全之間存在著深刻的矛盾，這種矛盾在科技領(lǐng)域一直存在，你會聽到我們深入探討科技公司和政府在這一問題上不斷來回爭論的方式。這里有很多內(nèi)容，而且很有趣。\

題目解析
?
1.正確答案：B) Specialized, secured phones
解析: 文章提到，在早期移動(dòng)時(shí)代，出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)專門為犯罪分子提供專用安全手機(jī)的小眾行業(yè)。
2.正確答案：C) It became too successful in exposing criminal activities
解析: 文章指出，F(xiàn)BI最終運(yùn)行了其中一個(gè)安全手機(jī)服務(wù)，以便全球監(jiān)視犯罪分子。
3.正確答案：B) The popularity of apps like Signal
解析: 文章提到，聯(lián)邦當(dāng)局關(guān)閉了Anom公司，其中一個(gè)原因是它過于成功地暴露了犯罪活動(dòng)。
4.正確答案：C) The popularity of apps like Signal
解析: 文章提到，隨著Signal等應(yīng)用的普及，大多數(shù)犯罪分子不再需要專門的硬件。
·正確答案： C) The balance between privacy and security
解析: 文章強(qiáng)調(diào)了科技行業(yè)中的隱私與安全之間的平衡問題。