初中·課本中不會(huì)教你的 動(dòng)詞與時(shí)態(tài) 正誤速辨

動(dòng)詞與時(shí)態(tài) 正誤速辨

1　我每天早晨7點(diǎn)鐘吃早飯。

誤 　I've breakfast at 7 every morning.

正 　I have breakfast at 7 every morning.

評(píng) 　動(dòng)詞have/has在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)中不用簡(jiǎn)略形式。

2　他不知道為什么要早起床。

誤 　He didn't know why to get up early.

正 　He didn't know why he had to get up early.

評(píng) 　why不可用于why to do sth.。但who, whom, what, where, when, how等則可以與不定式連用。

3　我想要你回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

誤 　I'd like you answer this question.

正 　I'd like you to answer this question.

評(píng) 　'd like是would like的縮寫(xiě)式，“would like +代詞／名詞+to do sth.”中to不可省。

4　讓我們唱一首歌吧。

誤 　Let us to sing a song.

正 　Let us sing a song.

評(píng) 　“讓某人做某事”要說(shuō)let sb. do sth.，不可說(shuō)let sb. to do sth.。

5　為什么今天不做呢？

誤 　Why not to do it today?

正 　Why not do it today?

評(píng) 　why not后加動(dòng)詞原形，意為“為什么不……呢”，表示建議。

6　我的表11點(diǎn)鐘了。

誤 　My watch speaks eleven o'clock.

誤 　My watch tells eleven o'clock.

正 　My watch says eleven o'clock.

評(píng) 　這種說(shuō)法應(yīng)用say，相當(dāng)于show。

7　你最好戒煙。

誤 　You'd better to give up smoking.

正 　You'd better give up smoking.

評(píng) 　'd better是had better的縮寫(xiě)，意為“最好”，后接動(dòng)詞原形。

8　他入團(tuán)已經(jīng)兩年了。

誤 　He joined the League for two years.

正 　He has been a League member for two years.

評(píng) 　在英語(yǔ)中，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作是短暫的，不可同表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。

9　Has Jim slept?不同于Has Jim gone to sleep?

【比較】

Has Jim slept ? （吉姆睡過(guò)了嗎？ ）（問(wèn)他是否已經(jīng)睡過(guò)覺(jué) ）

Has Jim gone to sleep ? （吉姆睡著了嗎？ ）（問(wèn)他是否已入睡 ）

10　打掃教室將要花去我們半個(gè)小時(shí)。

誤 　It will take us half an hour clean the classroom.

誤 　It will take us half an hour cleaning the classroom.

正 　It will take us half an hour to clean the classroom.

評(píng) 　“做某事花（某人）多少時(shí)間”要用“it takes (sb.)+時(shí)間+to do sth.”

11　我希望你下次早點(diǎn)來(lái)。

誤 　I hope you to come early next time.

正 　I hope (that) you'll come early next time.

評(píng) 　“希望某人做某事”不可說(shuō)hope sb. to do sth.，要用hope+that從句，that可省。

12　他穿著一件新襯衫。

誤 　He is putting on a new shirt.

正 　He is wearing a new shirt.

評(píng) 　put on表示“穿上，戴上”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本身。wear表示“穿著，戴著”，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。

13　他發(fā)現(xiàn)鍛煉身體很重要。

誤 　He found important to take more exercise.

正 　He found it important to take more exercise.

評(píng) 　“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎樣”常用find it +形容詞+to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，這里的it是形式賓語(yǔ)，不可省。

14　母親讓我自己洗衣服。

誤 　Mother made me to wash the clothes myself.

正 　Mother made me wash the clothes myself.

評(píng) 　make sb. do sth.意為“讓某人做某事”，本結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式不可加to。

15　我能看見(jiàn)樹(shù)上有一些鳥(niǎo)。

誤 　I can look at some birds in the tree.

正 　I can see some birds in the tree.

評(píng) 　see表示“看見(jiàn)”，指結(jié)果。look at表示“瞧，看一看”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本身。

16　她看見(jiàn)一只猴子跑進(jìn)森林中去了。

誤 　She saw a monkey to run into the forest.

正 　She saw a monkey run into the forest.

評(píng) 　“see+名詞／代詞+不帶to的不定式”是一個(gè)常用表達(dá)法。

17　你能在中午前到達(dá)那里嗎？

誤 　Can you be able to get there before noon?

正 　Are you able to get there before noon?

評(píng) 　表示“能，能夠”，可用can或be able to，但兩者不可混用在一起。

18　我不知道讀什么樣的書(shū)。

誤 　I don't know what to read the book.

正 　I don't know what book to read .

評(píng) 　不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要置于所修飾的名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)后。

19　父親告訴我不要遲到。

誤 　Father told me to not be late.

正 　Father told me not to be late.

評(píng) 　不定式的否定式為“not+不定式”，not要放在to的前面。

20　Do you have time?不同于Do you have the time?

Do you have time? 你有空嗎 ？（相當(dāng)于Are you free now? ）

Do you have the time? 你的表幾點(diǎn)了 ?（相當(dāng)于What time is it by your watch? ）

21　我今天必須交作業(yè)嗎？—不，不必。

誤 　Must I hand in my homework?—No, you mustn't .

正 　Must I hand in my homework?—No, you needn't .

評(píng) 　回答must開(kāi)頭的問(wèn)句，表示“不必”時(shí)，要用needn't，不可用mustn't。mustn't含有禁止的意思，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，意為“絕不能，一定不要”。

22　她可能今天還那本書(shū)。

誤 　She can return the book today.

正 　She may return the book today.

評(píng) 　表示“可能”時(shí)，can用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句，may用于肯定句。

23　出去散散步怎樣？

誤 　What about to go out for a walk?

正 　What about going out for a walk?

評(píng) 　What about...?用于征求意見(jiàn)，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

24　琳達(dá)擅長(zhǎng)彈鋼琴。

誤 　Linda is good at play the piano.

正 　Linda is good at playing the piano.

評(píng) 　be good at, be bad at（拙于）后要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

25　他在找一個(gè)地方住。

誤 　He's looking for a place to live in .

正 　He's looking for a place to live .

評(píng) 　表示“住的地方，坐的地方”，要說(shuō)a place to live， a place to sit，為習(xí)慣用法，不可加介詞in或on。

26　莉莉可能在家。

誤 　Lily maybe at home.

正 　Lily may be at home.

評(píng) 　maybe是一個(gè)詞，為副詞，意為“可能，也許”。may be是兩個(gè)詞，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞同be動(dòng)詞連用，意為“也許是，可能是”。

27　他喜歡在雨中散步。

誤 　He enjoys to take a walk in the rain.

正 　He enjoys taking a walk in the rain.

評(píng) 　enjoy后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。

28　請(qǐng)坐下。

誤 　Sit down please .

正 　Sit down，please .

正 　Please sit down.

評(píng) 　在祈使句中，please放在前后均可，如放在后面，please前面常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

29　他寧可看電視不愿散步。

誤 　He prefers watching TV to take a walk.

正 　He prefers watching TV to taking a walk.

評(píng) 　prefer doing sth. to doing sth.意為“寧愿……而不”，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中只能用動(dòng)名詞。

30　她通常星期天去買(mǎi)東西。

誤 　She usually goes to shopping on Sunday.

正 　She usually goes shopping on Sunday.

評(píng) 　“go+動(dòng)名詞”是一種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法，意為“從事某種活動(dòng)或運(yùn)動(dòng)”。

31　他不讓孩子們?cè)诤永镉斡尽?/b>

誤 　He stopped the children to swim in the river.

正 　He stopped the children (from) swimming in the river.

評(píng) 　stop sb. from doing sth.意為“阻止某人做某事”，from可省，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可用不定式。

32　我們每逢星期日都在公園玩得很愉快。

誤 　We have got a good time in the park on Sundays.

正 　We have a good time in the park on Sundays.

評(píng) 　在口語(yǔ)中，常用have got代替have。

33　她聽(tīng)到他的話不禁大笑起來(lái)。

誤 　She couldn't help to laugh when she heard his words.

正 　She couldn't help laughing when she heard his words.

評(píng) 　can't help doing sth.意為“忍不住／不由得做某事”，后跟動(dòng)名詞，不跟不定式。

34　學(xué)生們正忙著復(fù)習(xí)功課。

誤 　The students are busy to review their lessons.

正 　The students are busy reviewing their lessons.

評(píng) 　be busy doing sth.意為“忙于做某事”，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中不可用不定式。

35　他完全有能力做這件事。

誤 　He is quite capable to do it.

正 　He is quite capable of doing it.

評(píng) 　capable of doing sth.意為“有能力做某事”，這種結(jié)構(gòu)不可用不定式。

36　雨接連下了一個(gè)星期。

誤 　It kept to rain for a week.

正 　It kept raining for a week.

評(píng) 　keep doing sth.表示“一直在……，老是在……”。

37　你想喝一杯茶嗎？

誤 　Do you feel like to have a cup of tea?

正 　Do you feel like having a cup of tea?

評(píng) 　feel like意為“想要”，較口語(yǔ)化，后只能接動(dòng)名詞，不可接不定式。

38　他是團(tuán)員嗎？—是的，他是。

誤 　Is he a League member? —Yes, he's .

正 　Is he a League member? —Yes, he is .

評(píng) 　作主語(yǔ)的he/she/it可同is縮寫(xiě)為he's/she's/it's。

39　這是一支紅鉛筆，那是一支藍(lán)鉛筆。

誤 　This's a red pencil and that's a blue one.

正 　This is a red pencil and that's a blue one.

評(píng) 　that is可縮寫(xiě)為that's，但this is不可縮寫(xiě)為this's。

40　她避而不見(jiàn)他。

誤 　She avoided to see him.

正 　She avoided seeing him.

評(píng) 　avoid后接動(dòng)名詞，不接不定式。

41　我不是教師。

誤 　I amn't a teacher.

正 　I'm not a teacher.

評(píng) 　I am not不可縮寫(xiě)成I amn't，但可以寫(xiě)成I'm not。

42　我今天已經(jīng)讀了10頁(yè)。

誤 　I read ten pages today.

正 　I have read ten pages today.

評(píng) 　今天尚未過(guò)去，包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)，表示到現(xiàn)在為止這一段時(shí)間內(nèi)完成的事，故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

43　我已寫(xiě)完了那封信。

誤 　I have finished to write the letter.

正 　I have finished writing the letter.

評(píng) 　finish doing sth.為正確用法，不可接不定式。也可說(shuō)finish with sth.，意為“用完某物，不再使用某物”。

44　他否認(rèn)拿了錢(qián)包。

誤 　He denied to take the wallet.

正 　He denied taking the wallet.

評(píng) 　deny doing sth.為正確結(jié)構(gòu)，不跟不定式。

45　請(qǐng)你把這個(gè)單詞再讀一遍。

誤 　Please you read the word again.

正 　Please read the word again.

評(píng) 　祈使句中please后，通常省略主語(yǔ)you。

46　規(guī)則禁止在這里抽煙。

誤 　The rules forbid to smoke here.

正 　The rules forbid smoking here.

評(píng) 　forbid doing sth.為正確結(jié)構(gòu)，不跟不定式。

47　他喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)嗎？

誤 　Does he likes sports?

正 　Does he like sports?

48　桌子上有一部收音機(jī)和幾本書(shū)。

誤 　There are a radio and some books on the desk.

正 　There is a radio and some books on the desk.

評(píng) 　There be結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞的形式同第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致。

49　那個(gè)穿紅衣服的女孩是瑪麗。

誤 　The girl in the red is Mary.

正 　The girl in red is Mary.

評(píng) 　in red意為“穿著紅衣服”，為慣用短語(yǔ)，可作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)。

50　打開(kāi)門(mén)你介意嗎？

誤 　Would you mind to open the door?

正 　Would you mind opening the door?

評(píng) 　mind后用動(dòng)名詞，不跟不定式。

51　我認(rèn)為你不對(duì)。

正 　I think you are not right.

正 　I don't think you are right.（更佳 ）

評(píng) 　think后的賓語(yǔ)從句表示否定時(shí)，通常把對(duì)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到對(duì)think的否定。

52　你每天12點(diǎn)鐘吃午飯嗎？

誤 　Have you lunch at twelve every day?

正 　Do you have lunch at twelve every day?

評(píng) 　have為行為動(dòng)詞，不作“有”解，其疑問(wèn)句和否定句要用助動(dòng)詞do, does, did。

53　如果你愿意去游泳，我就帶你去。

誤 　If you go swimming, I'll take you along.

正 　If you will go swimming, I'll take you along.

評(píng) 　這里的will不表示將來(lái)，而表示意愿，是will的一種用法。

54　我常在晚上做功課，李明也一樣。

誤 　I often do my homework in the evening, and so Li Ming does .

正 　I often do my homework in the evening, and so does Li Ming .

評(píng) 　表示前一句的情況也適合另一人或物，常用“so+be/助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”這一倒裝法表示。

55　我們昨天沒(méi)開(kāi)會(huì)。

誤 　We hadn't a meeting yesterday.

正 　We didn't have a meeting yesterday.

評(píng) 　have a meeting意為“開(kāi)會(huì)”，have不表示“有”，構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句或否定句要用助動(dòng)詞do, does或did。

56　這消息令人激動(dòng)。

誤 　The news is excited .

正 　The news is exciting .

評(píng) 　excited含被動(dòng)義。exciting含主動(dòng)義。

57　他直到11點(diǎn)鐘才睡覺(jué)。

誤 　He went to bed until eleven o'clock.

正 　He didn't go to bed until eleven o'clock.

評(píng) 　如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是短暫性的，表示“直到……才”時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞要用否定形式。

58　如果我明天有空，我將去拜訪她。

誤 　I'll call on her if I shall have time tomorrow.

正 　I'll call on her if I have time tomorrow.

評(píng) 　if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示將來(lái)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示，不可用will或shall。

59　他現(xiàn)在學(xué)習(xí)情況怎樣？

誤 　How is he going with his study?

正 　How is he getting on with his study?

評(píng) 　How are you getting on with...？意為“你在……方面情況怎樣？”，為慣用句型。

60　她進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)我正在看電視。

誤 　I watched TV when she came in.

正 　I was watching TV when she came in.

評(píng) 　表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

61　公共汽車(chē)來(lái)了。

誤 　There the bus comes .

正 　There comes the bus.

評(píng) 　以副詞there, here開(kāi)頭的句子，如果后面的主語(yǔ)是名詞，要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。但如果主語(yǔ)是代詞，則不可倒裝。

62　我明天得去買(mǎi)東西。

誤 　I'll have got to go shopping tomorrow.

正 　I have got to go shopping tomorrow.

正 　I have to go shopping tomorrow.

評(píng) 　have got to意為“不得不，必須”，不可同助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。

63　他討厭說(shuō)謊。

誤 　He is hating telling lies.

正 　He hates telling lies.

評(píng) 　hate, love, like, own （擁有），belong （屬于）等表示情感、心理、擁有等的動(dòng)詞，通常不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

64　你什么時(shí)候聽(tīng)到那個(gè)消息的？

誤 　When have you heard the news?

正 　When did you hear the news?

評(píng) 　when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

65　工作一結(jié)束我就回家去。

誤 　I'll go home as soon as I shall finish the work.

正 　I'll go home as soon as I finish the work.

評(píng) 　as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示將來(lái)時(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。

66　你最好去修一下你的表。

誤 　You'd better have your watch repair .

正 　You'd better have your watch repaired .

評(píng) 　have sth. done表示“由別人做某事”或“遭遇某種不幸”。

67　事故發(fā)生在昨天夜里10點(diǎn)鐘。

誤 　The accident was happened at ten last night.

正 　The accident happened at ten last night.

評(píng) 　happen以及take place（發(fā)生）為不及物動(dòng)詞，不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

68　不要靠近火。

誤 　Not go near the fire.

正 　Don't go near the fire.

正 　Do not go near the fire.

評(píng) 　祈使句的否定式要在動(dòng)詞原形前加Do not，或縮寫(xiě)或Don't。

69　我3天前復(fù)習(xí)了功課。

誤 　I have gone over my lessons three days ago.

正 　I went over my lessons three days ago.

評(píng) 　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可同表示過(guò)去特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。

70　請(qǐng)叫湯姆打點(diǎn)水。

誤 　Please tell Tom fetch some water.

正 　Please tell Tom to fetch some water.

評(píng) 　tell sb. to do sth.意為“叫某人做某事”，為正確結(jié)構(gòu)。

71　對(duì)不起，到書(shū)店的路怎么走？

誤 　Sorry , which is the way to the bookstore?

正 　Excuse me , which is the way to the bookstore?

評(píng) 　sorry側(cè)重于因不能滿(mǎn)足對(duì)方的需求而表示歉意，或?qū)ψ鲥e(cuò)的事表示歉意。Excuse me用于問(wèn)路，詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方情況，插話等場(chǎng)合。

72　工作按時(shí)完成了。

誤 　The work finished on time.

正 　The work was finished on time.

評(píng) 　在英語(yǔ)中，只要主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者，通常都要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

73　這是你的小刀嗎？—是的?！o你吧。多謝。

誤 　Is this your knife? —Yes, it is. —Give you . —Thanks a lot.

正 　Is this your knife? —Yes, it is. —Here you are . —Thanks a lot.

評(píng) 　給別人某種東西，或別人向你借東西，你說(shuō)“給你吧”，要用Here you are.

74　會(huì)議于上午8點(diǎn)開(kāi)始。

誤 　The meeting began at a.m. 8 .

正 　The meeting began at 8 a.m.

評(píng) 　a.m.表示“上午”，p.m.表示“下午”，在句中可大寫(xiě)或小寫(xiě)，但要放在具體時(shí)間之后。

75　她母親會(huì)做鞋子。

誤 　Her mother can do shoes.

正 　Her mother can make shoes.

評(píng) 　do表示做事或做某項(xiàng)工作，make表示“制造，做”某種東西。

76　你要吃點(diǎn)什么嗎？

誤 　Do you like something to eat?

正 　Would you like something to eat?

評(píng) 　Would you like...？表示“想要，愿意”，用于提出要求或愿意提供幫助，語(yǔ)氣較婉轉(zhuǎn)。Do you like...？表示“你喜歡……嗎？”，問(wèn)某人是否喜歡。

77　什么也沒(méi)剩下，所有的東西都丟了。

誤 　Nothing is left; all are lost.

正 　Nothing is left; all is lost.

評(píng) 　all用作代詞，指事物，表示“一切東西，所有東西”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。all表示“人人，所有人”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

78　謝謝你的幫助?！獩](méi)關(guān)系。/別客氣。

誤 　Thank you for your help.— Never mind ./It doesn't matter .

正 　Thank you for your help.— Not at all .

評(píng) 　回答別人的感謝，要用Not at all。當(dāng)別人向你表示歉意時(shí)，常用Never mind.或It doesn't matter.作答。

79　先生，你想要什么？—要一件上衣。

誤 　What do you want , sir?—A coat.

正 　What can I do for you , sir?—A coat.

評(píng) 　售貨員問(wèn)顧客“你需要什么，你買(mǎi)什么”，常說(shuō)What can I do for you?也可說(shuō)Can I help you?

80　動(dòng)不動(dòng)就生氣是沒(méi)有好處的。

正 　It's no good to get angry at once.

正 　It's no good getting angry at once.

評(píng) 　It's no good/use后跟動(dòng)名詞，表示泛指的、一般的情況，這種結(jié)構(gòu)后也可跟不定式，表示某一具體情況。

81　月亮將在8點(diǎn)鐘左右升起。

誤 　The moon is going to rise around eight o'clock.

正 　The moon will rise around eight o'clock.

82　她明天將飛往北京。

誤 　She will fly to Beijing by air tomorrow.

正 　She will fly to Beijing tomorrow.

評(píng) 　fly to已表示“飛往某地”，再用by air就重復(fù)了。

83　這是我第一次看到這種鳥(niǎo)。

誤 　It's the first time that I see this kind of bird.

正 　It's the first time that I have seen this kind of bird.

評(píng) 　在It's the first/second... time that...句型中，that后的從句一般要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。

84　他已不再吸煙了。

誤 　He has given up to smoke .

正 　He has given up smoking .

評(píng) 　give up意為“放棄，停止”，后跟動(dòng)名詞，不跟不定式。

85　我們休息一下好嗎？—行。

誤 　Shall we have a rest?—Yes, we shall .

正 　Shall we have a rest?—All right .

評(píng) 　回答Shall we...?常用All right.或Yes, let's...，否定回答用No, let's not.或No, I don't think we shall.回答Shall I...?要說(shuō)Yes, please.否定回答用Please don't.或No, thanks.

86　你把花澆一下好嗎？

誤 　Are you going to water the flowers?

正 　Will you water the flowers?

評(píng) 　表示客氣的請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，常用will或would。

87　他做這項(xiàng)工作有困難。

誤 　He had difficulty to do the work.

正 　He had difficulty in doing the work.

評(píng) 　have difficulty in sth./doing sth.表示“在……方面有困難”，不可接不定式。

88　老師叫我把課文再讀一遍。

誤 　The teacher called me to read the text again.

正 　The teacher asked me to read the text again.

評(píng) 　call意為“叫喊，呼叫”。ask sb. to do sth.表示“叫／請(qǐng)某人做某事”。

89　瑪麗出生在中國(guó)嗎？

誤 　Did Mary born in China?

正 　Was Mary born in China?

評(píng) 　“出生于”要說(shuō)be born in，born是bear（出生）的過(guò)去分詞。

90　她昨天可能已經(jīng)走了。

誤 　She may go yesterday.

誤 　She might go yesterday.

正 　She might have gone yesterday.

評(píng) 　對(duì)過(guò)去行為的推測(cè)，要用may/might have done，表示“可能已經(jīng)……”。另外，must have done表示“肯定已經(jīng)……”，can/could have done表示“可能已經(jīng)……”。

91　我有幸見(jiàn)到那位著名科學(xué)家。

誤 　I had the pleasure to see the famous scientist.

正 　I had the pleasure of seeing the famous scientist.

評(píng) 　have the pleasure of sth./doing sth.表示“有幸，榮幸地”，后不可跟不定式。

92　天黑了，請(qǐng)打開(kāi)燈。

誤 　It is getting dark. Please open the light.

正 　It is getting dark. Please turn on the light.

評(píng) 　表示“開(kāi)燈，開(kāi)收音機(jī)，開(kāi)電視機(jī)”要用turn on，表示“關(guān)掉”（燈，收音機(jī)，電視機(jī)）用turn off。表示“開(kāi)門(mén)，開(kāi)窗，打開(kāi)書(shū)”要用open。

93　這里常下雨，是嗎？

誤 　It often rains here, isn't it?

正 　It often rains here, doesn't it?

評(píng) 　反意疑問(wèn)句中，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句的謂語(yǔ)形式要同前面句中的謂語(yǔ)形式一致。

94　她每天練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

誤 　She practises to speak English every day.

正 　She practises speaking English every day.

評(píng) 　practise意為“練習(xí)”，后跟動(dòng)名詞，不跟不定式。

95　請(qǐng)吃點(diǎn)水果。

誤 　Please eat some fruit.

正 　Help yourself to some fruit.

評(píng) 　對(duì)客人說(shuō)“請(qǐng)（隨意）吃……”，在英語(yǔ)中要說(shuō)help oneself to sth.。

96　人們?？匆?jiàn)他在湖邊散步。

誤 　He is often seen take a walk along the lake.

正 　He is often seen to take a walk along the lake.

評(píng) 　在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)要帶to。

97　你明天來(lái)時(shí)給我?guī)c(diǎn)茶葉來(lái)。

誤 　Take me some tea when you come tomorrow.

正 　Bring me some tea when you come tomorrow.

98　我正在考慮買(mǎi)一輛自行車(chē)。

誤 　I'm considering to buy a bike.

正 　I'm considering buying a bike.

評(píng) 　consider后跟動(dòng)名詞，不可跟不定式。

99　我把詞典忘在教室里了。

誤 　I forgot my dictionary in the classroom.

正 　I left my dictionary in the classroom.

評(píng) 　表示“把某物忘／丟在某處”要用“l(fā)eave+sth.+地點(diǎn)”。forget只表示“忘記”某物、某人、某事，不同地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)連用。

100　他是3天前，也就是4月8日離開(kāi)家的。

誤 　He left home three days ago, that was to say , on April 8.

正 　He left home three days ago, that is to say , on April 8.

評(píng) 　that is to say/that's to say/that is表示“也就是說(shuō)，換句話說(shuō)”，為固定短語(yǔ)，作插入語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)永遠(yuǎn)不變，只用is。

101　我希望她不久就回來(lái)。

誤 　I wish she will be back soon.

正 　I hope she will be back soon.

評(píng) 　wish表示不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，后面的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。hope則表示有把握實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望。

102　因?yàn)樗ぷ?，所以能夠按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。

誤 　He could finish the work on time because he worked hard.

正 　He was able to finish the work on time because he worked hard.

評(píng) 　表示“設(shè)法完成，設(shè)法辦成”時(shí)，要用be able to。

103　他的名字叫杰克。

誤 　His name is called Jack .

正 　His name is Jack .

正 　He is called Jack .

評(píng) 　“某人名叫，（把）某人叫做”在英語(yǔ)中可用call或name。用call時(shí)，主語(yǔ)必須是人，name不可用作call的賓語(yǔ)。

104　他夢(mèng)想成為一名作家。

誤 　He dreamed to become a writer.

正 　He dreamed of becoming a writer.

評(píng) 　要說(shuō)dream of doing sth.，不說(shuō)dream to do sth.。

105　她趕上了開(kāi)往南京的火車(chē)。

誤 　She caught up with the train for Nanjing.

正 　She caught the train for Nanjing.

評(píng) 　表示“趕上車(chē)、船”等，要用catch，反義詞為miss （沒(méi)趕上）。

106　一輛公共汽車(chē)剛剛開(kāi)過(guò)去。

誤 　A bus past by just a moment ago.

正 　A bus passed by just a moment ago.

評(píng) 　past作介詞，意為“（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度等）過(guò)”。pass作動(dòng)詞，意為“經(jīng)過(guò)，穿過(guò)，路過(guò)”。

107　I can't wait to see her again.的含義

誤 　我不能等待再見(jiàn)到她。

正 　我急切想再次見(jiàn)到她。

評(píng) 　“can not wait +不定式”表示“迫不及待要做某事”，為習(xí)慣用法。

108　我將對(duì)他講這件事。

誤 　I'll speak him about it.

正 　I'll speak to him about it.

評(píng) 　“對(duì)某人說(shuō)”要用speak to sb., “同某人交談”要說(shuō)speak with sb.。

109　他昨天下午到達(dá)上海的。

誤 　He arrived Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

正 　He arrived in Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

正 　He reached Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

正 　He got to Shanghai yesterday afternoon.

評(píng) 　“到達(dá)”可用reach, arrive in/at, get to表示，但只有reach為及物動(dòng)詞，后可直接跟賓語(yǔ)。

110　他沒(méi)有電視機(jī)。

誤 　He doesn't have got a radio.

正 　He doesn't have a radio.

111　老師指著墻上的地圖。

誤 　The teacher points the map on the wall.

正 　The teacher points at the map on the wall.

評(píng) 　point at表示“指著，指點(diǎn)”，point out意為“指出，指示”。

112　這座城市建于1 000多年前。

誤 　The city was found one thousand years ago.

正 　The city was founded one thousand years ago.

113　請(qǐng)叫警察來(lái)。

誤 　Go for the police, please.

正 　Send for the police, please.

評(píng) 　go for表示“自己去請(qǐng)”。send for表示“派人去請(qǐng)”。

114　他沒(méi)有回答她的問(wèn)題。

誤 　He didn't reply her question.

正 　He didn't reply to her question.

評(píng) 　reply表示回答問(wèn)題或回信時(shí)，為不及物動(dòng)詞，要同to連用。

115　她藥吃得太多了。

誤 　She eats too much medicine.

正 　She takes too much medicine.

正 　She has too much medicine.

評(píng) 　“吃藥”不可說(shuō)eat medicine，要說(shuō)take medicine或have medicine。

116　他感冒已經(jīng)一周了。

誤 　He has caught a cold for a week.

正 　He has had a cold for a week.

評(píng) 　catch a cold （感冒）和catch a fever （發(fā)燒）中的catch為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不可同表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，而have a cold和have a fever則可以。

117　老師說(shuō)光比聲音傳播得快。

誤 　The teacher said that light travelled faster than sound.

正 　The teacher said that light travels faster than sound.

評(píng) 　如果賓語(yǔ)從句講的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象，其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

118　他有許多工作要做。

誤 　He has plenty work to do.

正 　He has plenty of work to do.

評(píng) 　plenty是名詞，不可作定語(yǔ)，要用plenty of修飾名詞。

119　他將在這里住兩天。

誤 　He will live here for two days.

正 　He will stay here for two days.

評(píng) 　live指“住在某處，長(zhǎng)期居住”。stay表示“短期逗留”。

120　那個(gè)男孩要更多的食物。

誤 　The boy asked more food.

正 　The boy asked for more food.

評(píng) 　“要某物”要說(shuō)ask for sth.。

121　這位老人得到了很好的照顧。

誤 　The old man is well taken care .

正 　The old man is well taken care of .

評(píng) 　take care of意為“照顧”，為固定短語(yǔ)，of不可漏缺。

122　我能借用一下你的房間嗎？

誤 　Can I borrow your room?

正 　Can I use your room?

評(píng) 　use通常用于不能拿走的東西，borrow通常指可以拿走的東西。

123　他騎上自行車(chē)回家了。

誤 　He rode his bike and went home.

正 　He got on his bike and went home.

評(píng) 　ride （騎）表示的是持續(xù)動(dòng)作，get on才表示一個(gè)短暫或瞬間的動(dòng)作。

124　他已經(jīng)找到了一所房子居住。

誤 　He has found a house to live .

正 　He has found a house to live in .

評(píng) 　live表示“居住，住”時(shí)，為不及物動(dòng)詞，要用live in同house構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

125　他們沒(méi)有休息，繼續(xù)植樹(shù)。

誤 　They didn't have a rest and went on to plant trees.

正 　They didn't have a rest and went on planting trees.

評(píng) 　go on doing sth.表示“繼續(xù)做一直做的事”，而go on to do sth.則表示“（做完一件事）接著做另一件事”。

126　你來(lái)參加我們的英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)嗎？

誤 　Do you like to come to our English evening?

正 　Do you want to come to our English evening?

正 　Would you like to come to our English evening?

評(píng) 　Do you like to...？問(wèn)某人是否喜歡做某事，指某種習(xí)慣。Do you want to...？和Would you like to...？問(wèn)某人是否愿意做某事。

127　盒子掉在地上，裂開(kāi)了。

誤 　The box fell on the floor and was broke open.

正 　The box fell on the floor and broke open.

評(píng) 　break表示“破裂，破碎”時(shí)，為不及物動(dòng)詞。break也可作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“打破，打碎”。

128　公共汽車(chē)來(lái)了。

誤 　Here came the bus.

正 　Here comes the bus.

評(píng) 　本句中的“來(lái)了”，指的是“來(lái)的動(dòng)作”，不表示時(shí)間，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

129　我昨晚做了一個(gè)怪夢(mèng)。

誤 　I made a strange dream last night.

正 　I had a strange dream last night.

評(píng) 　“做夢(mèng)”要說(shuō)have a dream或dream a dream。

130　那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)幾時(shí)爆發(fā)的？

誤 　When was the war broken out ?

正 　When did the war break out ?

評(píng) 　break out意為“（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等）爆發(fā)”，不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

131　你得準(zhǔn)備好動(dòng)身了。

誤 　You must get ready for leave .

正 　You must get ready to leave .

評(píng) 　get ready to do sth.或get ready for (doing) sth.均為正確結(jié)構(gòu)。

132　鐘剛打過(guò)點(diǎn)。

誤 　The clock just struck .

正 　The clock has just struck .

評(píng) 　漢語(yǔ)中的“剛剛”，表示最近的過(guò)去，英語(yǔ)中常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

133　剛才誰(shuí)來(lái)了？

誤 　Who did come just now?

正 　Who came just now?

評(píng) 　who, what作主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的特殊疑問(wèn)句，后直接跟謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，不用do, does, did等助動(dòng)詞。但如果who, what在問(wèn)句中作賓語(yǔ)，則要有助動(dòng)詞。如：What did he say to you?（他對(duì)你說(shuō)了什么？）

134　學(xué)生們每天做作業(yè)嗎？

誤 　Do the students their homework every day?

正 　Do the students do their homework every day?

評(píng) 　do one's homework中的do為行為動(dòng)詞，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)疑問(wèn)句要用do或does提問(wèn)，do不可漏缺。

135　你最好不要把消息告訴他。

誤 　You hadn't better tell him the news.

正 　You had better not tell him the news.

評(píng) 　had better do sth.意為“最好做某事”，其否定式為had better not do sth. （最好不做某事）。