英文合同專用詞匯

合同專用詞匯

英語(yǔ)合同專用詞匯也就是合同術(shù)語(yǔ)，這里單獨(dú)拿出來(lái)詳細(xì)講述，有助于理解許多合同的基本用詞習(xí)慣。

1．whereas“鑒于”“就……而論”

Whereas一般用于合同的前言部分的“鑒于條款”，用于引導(dǎo)和介紹合同背景、合同目的等，相當(dāng)于considering，in consideration of或that being the case等。

例如：

WHEREAS, this Agreement is supplemental to an agreement dated 5 December 2009 between the parties (the Principal Agreement) under which the Purchaser agreed to buy certain assets of the Vendor for an aggregate sum of $3 million.（本合同系為補(bǔ)充雙方當(dāng)事人此前于2009年12月5日業(yè)已締結(jié)之合同（以下簡(jiǎn)稱“主合同”），主合同中買方同意從賣方購(gòu)買總價(jià)值300萬(wàn)美元的資產(chǎn)。）

Whereas the Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to buy the following materials on the following specific terms and conditions:（買賣雙方同意按下列規(guī)格和條款購(gòu)買以下物料：）

Whereas the Bank has agreed to extend a short-term credit loan for the purpose of providing general working capital to the Company, the Parties thereto do hereby agree as follows:（鑒于該銀行同意向該公司提供短期貸款作為其周轉(zhuǎn)資金之用，雙方同意以下各點(diǎn)：）

2．envisage“預(yù)見(jiàn)”

envisage含義和用法與expect和imagine類似，表示“預(yù)見(jiàn)”、“假設(shè)”。

例如：

Consult someone immediately if any alternation to the supplementary conditions is envisaged.（如果補(bǔ)充規(guī)定有變更，請(qǐng)立即咨詢某人。）

3．In Witness Whereof“以此為證”“特立此證”

在英語(yǔ)合同的“證明部分”，通常由In Witness Whereof來(lái)引導(dǎo)出“證明部分”，其意為“以此為證”“特立此證”，起到聲明、證明、承諾的作用。

例如：

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by duly authorized representatives of both parties on the date and year first written above.（本協(xié)議由雙方當(dāng)事人代表于本協(xié)議上述所記載日期締結(jié)生效，特此為證。）

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first above written.（作為協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù)，雙方授權(quán)代表于上述日期正式簽訂本協(xié)議，一式兩份。）

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed by duly authorized representatives on the date first written above. The effective date of this contract shall commence upon the date of signature and seal by parties hereto, which shall terminate on end and conclusion of guarantee period by original manufacturer.（本合同由雙方授權(quán)代表在上述日期代表各方簽署訂立，特此為證。本合同于雙方簽字蓋章之日起生效，至原廠提供的質(zhì)保期結(jié)束時(shí)終止。）

4．Known All Men by These Presents“根據(jù)本文件，茲宣布”

Known All Men by These Presents一般接whereas之后，常用來(lái)引出具體協(xié)議事項(xiàng)，可譯成“茲”，“特此”。與Now Therefore“特此，因此”近似。

例如：

Known All Men by these presents that we, the Bank of China having our registered office at Fu Chenmen (hereinafter called the Bank) will be bound to the Employer in the Sum of________for which payment shall well and truly be made to the Employer.（根據(jù)合同文件，茲宣布，中國(guó)銀行（注冊(cè)地點(diǎn)：北京阜成門(mén)）（以下簡(jiǎn)稱：“銀行”）向業(yè)主立約擔(dān)保支付金額________的保證金。）

例如：

And Whereas we have agreed to give the Contractor such Bank Guarantee; Now Therefore we hereby affirm that we are the Guarantor and responsible to you, on behalf of the Contractor, up to a total of________(amount of guarantee) (in words), such sum being payable in types and proportions of currencies in which the Contract is payable, and we undertake to pay you, upon your first written demand and without cavil or argument, any sum or sums within the limits of________(amount of guarantee) as aforesaid without your needing to prove or to show grounds or reasons for your demand for the sum specified therein.（本銀行（或金融機(jī)構(gòu)）已同意為承包人出具保證函，我們?cè)诖送庾鳛楸ＷC人，并代表承包人以支付合同價(jià)款所規(guī)定的貨幣種類和比例，向你方擔(dān)?？傤~為_(kāi)_______（大寫(xiě)）的保證金。銀行在收到第一次書(shū)面付款要求后，在上述擔(dān)保金范圍內(nèi)，毫無(wú)異議地向你方支付________（保證金額），你方無(wú)須出具證明或陳述提款理由。）

5．execute“簽署”“履行”

execute在英語(yǔ)商務(wù)合同中，通常用作“簽署”的意思，相當(dāng)于sign，較少用作“執(zhí)行”。比如，The contract is executed on December 12,2008，應(yīng)當(dāng)理解為“本合同簽訂于2008年12月12日”。有時(shí)，execute也可以用來(lái)表示“履行合同”等，如in the course of the execution of the contract（在合同履行過(guò)程中），因此，要決定execute在法律英語(yǔ)中的含義，還要聯(lián)系上下文的意思。

例如：

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the authorized representatives of the parties hereto have caused these presents to be executed the 1st day of February 2007.（本協(xié)議于2007年2月1日各方代表簽字后生效。）

6．frustration“合同落空”“合同受挫”

frustration在英語(yǔ)合同里是一種專業(yè)用語(yǔ)，意思是“合同落空”“合同受挫”，其另外的英語(yǔ)表達(dá)是frustration of contract或frustration of purpose。

例如：

The Parties to a contract may be discharged from the necessity of further performance if the contract becomes frustrated. A contract may become frustrated where, before property and risk have passed, it becomes impossible to perform the contract legally, or the circumstance so change that performance would be radically different from what was contemplated in the contract. The frustrating event must occur without the fault of either party. Examples of frustrating events are the outbreak of war or a supervening illegality, i. e. where performance becomes illegal by law after the contract is made.（合同落空，當(dāng)事人可不再繼續(xù)履行合同。合同無(wú)法依法履行或因情勢(shì)變更，合同的履行與合同規(guī)定大相徑庭，在財(cái)產(chǎn)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移之前，合同可以落空。發(fā)生合同落空事項(xiàng)，當(dāng)事人均不得有過(guò)錯(cuò)。合同落空的情況如戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)或合同訂立后隨即發(fā)生非法行為，即合同于訂立后其履行即為非法。）

7．supersede“取代”“使……無(wú)效”

supersede在合同英語(yǔ)中意為“取代”，相當(dāng)于replace，supplant,在英語(yǔ)合同中，supersede較為常用。

例如：

Party B is commissioned by the manufacturers to buy steel plates and this contract shall supersede all previous commitments.（乙方受制造廠家的委托購(gòu)買鋼板，本合同將取代以前的一切承諾。）

This Agreement shall constitute the entire agreement between the Parties on the issues set forth herein and shall supersede any and all agreements made between the Parties regarding the issues prior to the date hereof.（本協(xié)議是雙方之間就事項(xiàng)所達(dá)成的全部協(xié)議，并代替雙方在本協(xié)議日之前達(dá)成的任何及全部協(xié)議。）

8．unless otherwise“除非另……”

在合同英語(yǔ)中一般用unless otherwise表示“除非另……”，后面一般跟動(dòng)詞，比“if not”和“otherwise”正式。比如“除非信用證另有規(guī)定”可以說(shuō)“unless otherwise specified in the Letter of Credit”。

例如：

The contractor shall make his own arrangements for the engagement of all labor, local or otherwise, and save insofar as the contract otherwise provides, for the transport, housing, feeding and payment thereof.（承包人必須自行安排雇傭所有當(dāng)?shù)睾屯獾氐膭诠ぃ⒇?fù)責(zé)勞工的交通、食宿和工資，本合同另有規(guī)定的除外。）

Unless otherwise expressly provided for in this Contract, the Agent shall have no obligations to account to any Bank for any amount received in respect of any loan maintained by the Agent or any of its affiliates or for the profits related to the loan. The Agent and its affiliates may make loans to, accept deposits from and generally engage in any kind of business with the Borrower as though the Agent in question were not as an Agent.（除本合同另有明確規(guī)定外，代理行沒(méi)有義務(wù)向任何銀行說(shuō)明它或它的附屬機(jī)構(gòu)的貸款金額或其利潤(rùn)。代理行及其附屬機(jī)構(gòu)可以向借款人貸款，接受借款人存款，并與借款人進(jìn)行各種經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)，如同不是代理行一樣。）