演講MP3+雙語文稿:如何克服冷漠，找到自己的力量

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【演講者及介紹】Dolores Huerta

Dolores Huerta是民權(quán)活動(dòng)家，社區(qū)組織者，她的靈感來自于她對(duì)追求社會(huì)公正和公民權(quán)利的熱情。

【演講主題】如何克服冷漠，找到自己的力量

【中英文字幕】

翻譯者Alvin Lee 校對(duì)者Homer Li

00:13

I want to start out with quoting HelenKeller, that great woman that we all admire. And she had a statement that isvery profound, and this statement is that science has been able to find curesfor many evils, but never the greatest evil of all in human beings, and thatevil is apathy.

我想引用海倫·凱勒的話作為開場(chǎng)，她是一位受人尊重的偉大女性。她說過一句非常有深意的話，那就是，科學(xué)可以凈化許多罪惡，但永遠(yuǎn)無法凈化人類最大的罪惡，那就是冷漠。

00:43

So, we know that apathy really costs us alot, especially in our democracy. And when we think of why people do not getinvolved, why they do not become activists, it's often that people are so worndown with their own familial responsibilities, and women especially.

冷漠給我們帶來了很大損失，尤其是在我們的民主活動(dòng)中。我們會(huì)想，為什么人們不愿參與，為什么不成為社會(huì)活動(dòng)家，常常是因?yàn)槿藗儽患彝ヘ?zé)任壓得喘不過氣，尤其是女性。

01:04

You know, women, they have so manyinhibitions. Many of them have suffered so much trauma in their lives, so manyaggressions in their lives. And so it's very hard for them to realize that theyhave leadership capacities. That they can get out there, and they could changethe world. Another thing that many women -- we think that we have to doeverything. That we are the only ones responsible for our families, and it isso hard for us to delegate and just get others to help us do the duties that weare responsible for. We feel embarrassed or we feel guilty. But we know that wehave to make this happen, because if not, we will never have time to be able tovolunteer to help on these many causes that are now facing us. One of the areasthat women can give up a little bit of time and that is in shopping, OK?

女性受到的束縛太多。很多女性因?yàn)樯钪械膭?chuàng)傷和侵犯而飽受痛苦。因此她們很難意識(shí)到自己擁有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力?？梢宰叱黾议T去改變世界。女性們還有一點(diǎn)，就是我們認(rèn)為自己需要包辦一切。我們是唯一應(yīng)該承擔(dān)家庭責(zé)任的，我們很難開口讓別人來幫忙，完成我們的職責(zé)。我們會(huì)感到羞愧和內(nèi)疚。但我們明白，必須要開口，否則，我們永遠(yuǎn)沒時(shí)間站出來幫助解決我們面臨的問題。其實(shí)女性還是能擠出時(shí)間來的，比如少逛點(diǎn)街，對(duì)吧？

01:58

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

02:00

And especially when we go out thereshopping for things that we don't even need.

尤其是，我們逛街的大部分時(shí)間其實(shí)在買不需要的東西。

02:04

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

02:05

You know, you never saw a hearse with aU-Haul behind it.

你什么時(shí)候見過靈車后面跟著輛貨拉拉的？

02:09

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

02:12

We have to live simply, so that others cansimply live. And when we think of the kind of inheritance that we want to leaveto our children or our grandchildren, think of leaving them a legacy ofjustice. This is a legacy that they can not only imitate, but they can be proudof for the rest of their lives. If we leave them a lot of material goods, allthey're going to do is fight, and they're going to hate each other. Justremember that, when we think about what we're doing.

我們要活得簡(jiǎn)單一點(diǎn)，其他人才能活得輕松。想想我們的子孫后代，想想我們要留下什么遺產(chǎn)給他們，要給他們樹立正義的典范。這樣他們不單單可以效仿，而且還會(huì)因此而自豪終生。如果我們留下的是物質(zhì)財(cái)富，他們只會(huì)互相爭(zhēng)斗，互相憎恨。當(dāng)我們思考自己的所作所為時(shí)，記住這一點(diǎn)。

02:39

The other thing that we have to do toliberate our women, eventually, so that we can do the kind of volunteer workthat we need to do to change this world, is we have to have a different kind ofan education for our young women. Unfortunately, in our societies around theworld, women are taught to be victims. Women are not taught that they are goingto have to defend themselves, that they're going to have to support themselvesand they have to protect themselves. Because, you know, when we actually lookat the animal kingdom, and we see who are the most ferocious, the male or thefemale? We know it's the female, right? So something went wrong with us at thetop of that animal kingdom as women.

如果我們想最終解放女性，還有件事要做，這樣，我們才能從事志愿者工作，從而改變世界，這件事就是：我們需要用另一種方式來教育年輕女性。不幸的是，在世界各地，女性被教育成為受害者。沒有人教育女性，她們要學(xué)會(huì)保護(hù)自己，她們要自強(qiáng)，要自力更生。因?yàn)?，其?shí)我們看一下動(dòng)物世界就知道，最兇猛的是雄性還是雌性？我們都知道是雌性，對(duì)吧？所以，作為萬物之靈的人類女性，我們的處境有點(diǎn)不對(duì)勁。

03:22

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

03:23

So I want to give you an example of how Ifound my voice. And I was very fortunate in that, when I was 25 years old, Imet a gentleman named Fred Ross Sr., who organized a chapter of a group calledthe Community Service Organization in my hometown of Stockton, California. Thiswas a grassroots organization, and I was recruited to be a volunteer. So, oneday, while we were sitting in the office, a farm worker comes in. And he'sparalyzed, he can hardly walk, he has a crutch. And he needs help. He needssomeone to help him go down to the welfare office and make an application. So,I volunteered to do that. But when I got to the welfare office, they would notlet me make an application for this gentleman. So I didn't know what to do, Iwas at a loss. So I went back to the office, and I told Mr. Ross, "Theywon't let me make an application." And he said to me, very sternly,"You go right back down to that welfare office, and you demand to see asupervisor. And you demand that they let him make an application." And Ithought, "Wow, I can do that?"

我想分享一下我是如何在社會(huì)中發(fā)聲的。我的運(yùn)氣很好，在我25歲的時(shí)候，我遇到了一位叫弗雷德·羅斯的紳士，他成立了“社區(qū)服務(wù)組織”，就在我的家鄉(xiāng)，加利福利亞州的斯托克頓。這是一個(gè)草根組織，我成為了里面的一名志愿者。某天，我們?cè)谵k公室，一位農(nóng)場(chǎng)工走了進(jìn)來。他身有殘疾，拄著拐杖，幾乎無法行走。他需要幫助。他需要有人陪他去福利辦公室去做申請(qǐng)。于是我志愿去幫他。但當(dāng)我到達(dá)福利辦公室時(shí)，他們不允許我替這位先生做申請(qǐng)。我有點(diǎn)不知所措。于是我回到辦公室，跟羅斯先生說，“他們不讓我做申請(qǐng)?！彼浅?yán)肅的對(duì)我說，“你馬上回到福利辦公室，要求見他們的主管。要求他們給他辦申請(qǐng)。”我當(dāng)時(shí)想，“什么？我可以這么干嗎？”

04:34

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

04:35

So I thought about it, and I kind ofovercame my anxieties and my fears. I went down to the welfare office and Idemanded to see the supervisor. Sure enough, he came out, and they had to letMr. Ruiz make an application for welfare. And he got his disability for himselfand his family. But that taught me a lesson. That taught me that I had a voice.

我考慮了一會(huì)，多少克服了自己的焦慮和恐懼。我回到了福利辦公室，要求見主管。毫無疑問，他出來了，他們不得不讓魯伊斯先生做了福利申請(qǐng)。他為自己和家人爭(zhēng)取到了殘疾福利。這件事教會(huì)了我。我也是可以發(fā)聲的。

04:56

Well, Mr. Ross also taught many of us manyother things, including Cesar Chavez and many other volunteers. And he taughtus not only that we can make demands of people, especially our publicofficials. And this is something we should always keep in mind: every publicofficial -- guess what -- they work for us. Because we pay their salaries without taxes. And they are actually our servants. Some of them turn out to beleaders, but not all of them.

羅斯先生還教會(huì)我們很多事情，這其中包括凱撒·查韋斯，和其他許多志愿者。他教會(huì)我們，我們不止可以對(duì)人提要求，尤其是對(duì)公務(wù)人員。而且我們還應(yīng)該時(shí)刻牢記：這些公務(wù)人員——你猜怎么著——他們是為我們服務(wù)的。因?yàn)樗麄兊男剿畞碜晕覀兝U的稅。他們實(shí)際上是我們的公仆。他們中有些人成為了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，但還有很多不是啊。

05:24

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

05:25

Once in a while we get a leader out ofthere.

隔一段時(shí)間我們就會(huì)從里面挑一個(gè)出來。

05:28

The other thing that Mr. Ross taught us isthat voting is extremely important. And not just voting, but going out thereand getting other people to vote. Going door to door. Phone banking, talking tovoters, because many voters have a lot of doubts and they don't know how tovote. And unfortunately, we know that in many countries people are not allowedto vote because we have voter suppression in other countries, like we do here inthe United States of America. But the thing is, if we can get out there asindividuals and talk to people, so we can remove their apathy and make surethat they can vote.

羅斯先生教會(huì)我們的另一件事就是，選舉是非常重要的。不光是自己投票，還包括推動(dòng)別人投票。挨家挨戶敲門。打電話，跟選民交流，因?yàn)楹芏噙x民有很多疑惑，他們并不知道如何投票。不幸的是，在很多國(guó)家不允許人民選舉，因?yàn)橛蟹N種選舉限制，在美國(guó)也有。但關(guān)鍵在于，如果我們作為個(gè)人 能走上街頭，改變?nèi)藗兊睦淠?保證他們可以投票。

06:04

So, I want to give you an example of awoman in our foundation, the Dolores Huerta Foundation, and just to show youthat sometimes people have power, but they don't know it. But once they findit, they do miraculous things. So, Leticia Prado is an immigrant from Mexico,only has a sixth-grade education and speaks very limited English. But she wasvery concerned because the children at the middle school in their town calledWeedpatch -- this is in California, Central Valley -- they couldn't go out andplay in the schoolyard, because the air quality is so bad in the southern partof Kern County, California in our United States of America. So she and herhusband went out there, and they passed a bond issue to build a brand new,state-of-the-art gymnasium for the kids at their middle school. That was a bigsuccess.

我想舉一位女士的例子，她來自我們的基金會(huì)，德洛麗絲·維爾塔基金會(huì)，讓大家看看人擁有多大的能量而他們往往意識(shí)不到。一旦意識(shí)到，他們就能創(chuàng)造奇跡。萊蒂西亞·普拉多是一名來自墨西哥的移民，只上到6年級(jí)，會(huì)講幾句英語。但她非常擔(dān)憂，因?yàn)樵谒麄冺f德帕奇鎮(zhèn)中學(xué)的孩子們，這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)位于加州中央山谷，孩子們不能去操場(chǎng)上玩，因?yàn)槟抢锏目諝赓|(zhì)量太差，那里是美國(guó)加州的南部地區(qū)，叫做科恩郡。于是她跟丈夫去到那里，發(fā)行了一個(gè)債券修建一個(gè)全新的，非常先進(jìn)的體育館供學(xué)校的孩子使用。那是一件很了不起的事。

07:00

Then she heard a rumor that the principalwas going to end the breakfast program for the farm worker children, becausethe principal thought it was just too much paperwork. So, Leticia got herselfelected to the school board. And they kept the breakfast program, and she gotrid of the principal.

然后她又聽到傳言校長(zhǎng)想終止針對(duì) 農(nóng)場(chǎng)工人的孩子 設(shè)立的早餐計(jì)劃，因?yàn)樾ｉL(zhǎng)覺得這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃 有太多文書工作要做。萊蒂西亞自己進(jìn)入了校董會(huì)。保留了早餐計(jì)劃，炒掉了校長(zhǎng)。

07:17

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

07:20

(Applause)

（掌聲）

07:24

So there were other rumors about somecorruption in the local water district. So, Leticia got herself elected to thewater district. Then she looked into all of the finances of the water districtand found there was 250,000 dollars missing from their bank account. So,Leticia called in the grand jury, and several arrests have been made. And thisis just an example of a woman who never went to high school, never went tocollege, but she found her power. And in addition, she has recruited otherpeople in the community to also run for public office, and guess what --they've all gotten themselves elected.

然后她又聽說本地供水系統(tǒng)有貪腐行為。于是她又加入了供水局。她調(diào)查了供水局財(cái)務(wù)信息發(fā)現(xiàn)賬戶有25萬美元的虧空。于是她提交大陪審團(tuán)，逮捕了一批人。這只是一個(gè)例子，一位女性沒上過高中沒上過大學(xué)，照樣挖掘出了自己的力量。除此之外，她還吸引社區(qū)中的其他人 同樣去競(jìng)選公職，結(jié)果呢，他們都被選中了。

08:01

So, I take that Leticia really embodiessomething that Coretta Scott King said. And I want to share this with you.Coretta Scott King said, "We will never have peace in the world untilwomen take power."

在我看來，萊蒂利亞真的實(shí)踐了科麗塔·斯科特·金所說的。我跟大家分享一下她說的這句話： “世界和平永遠(yuǎn)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)，除非婦女掌權(quán)?！?/p>

08:17

(Applause)

（掌聲）

08:23

Now, I have amended that statement to saythat we will never have peace in the world until feminists take power.

我把這句話改了一下：世界和平無法實(shí)現(xiàn)，除非女權(quán)主義者掌權(quán)。

08:31

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

08:32

Because we know there is a difference,right? Not only that, but if we want to define what is a feminist -- a personwho stands up for reproductive rights, for immigrants' rights, for theenvironment, for LGBT rights and also for labor unions and working people.

這兩者還是有區(qū)別的，對(duì)吧？不僅如此，如果要定義女權(quán)主義者 就是那些為了維護(hù)生育權(quán)，移民權(quán)，環(huán)境保護(hù)，同性戀權(quán)利，工會(huì)和勞工權(quán)利而挺身而出的人。

08:49

(Applause)

（掌聲）

08:54

Which also means that men can also befeminists.

也就是說，男人也可以是女權(quán)主義者。

08:58

(Applause)

（掌聲）

09:04

So when we think of feminization, we shouldalso think of how can we feminize the policies, and not only of our majorcountries, the wealthy countries like the United States, but all over theworld, our domestic and foreign policy.

當(dāng)我們思考女性化的時(shí)候，思考如何將政策制定得更加女性化，不僅在幾個(gè)大國(guó)，在像美國(guó)一樣的富裕國(guó)家，而是要在世界范圍內(nèi)，內(nèi)政外交都要考慮。

09:18

And one of the things that we can do tostop wars and to have peace is to make sure that the wealthiest countries inthe world also help the developing countries. Now, we did this in the past.After World War II, when Japan and Germany were devastated after the war,United States of America gave many tax dollars to those two countries, so thatthey can rebuild their economies and rebuild their corporations. And we can dothat again. And if we can think about how we can help these other countries. AndI want to give an example of issues that we are facing in the United States ofAmerica, for instance.

要停止戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)和平，我們可以做一件事，就是讓世界上最富裕的國(guó)家去幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家。我們?cè)@樣做過。二戰(zhàn)之后，日本和德國(guó)被戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)摧毀，美國(guó)給予這兩個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)援助，幫助他們恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)，重開公司。我們可以再做一次。只要我們想想該怎么幫助其他國(guó)家。我想舉個(gè)例子說明美國(guó)目前遇到的問題，簡(jiǎn)單說明。

09:54

We know that right now we have a lot ofrefugees from Central America that are at the border of the United States. Whydo people leave their homes, their beautiful homes that we go to as tourists?Because they don't have opportunities there. And then we think, "Hm,bananas." How many jillions of bananas do we consume in the United Statesevery single day? And throughout the world. Now, do the people in CentralAmerica get the profits from the bananas that we consume? No, they don't. Theprofits go to corporations from the United States of America. And we think thatthis is wrong. Now, if the people in Central America were to be able to getsome of that money that we pay for bananas, then they wouldn't have to leavetheir homes. They wouldn't have to come as asylum seekers to the borders of theUnited States of America. And then maybe, many children would not have to beseparated from their parents.

我們知道目前在美國(guó)邊境線上有許多來自中美洲的難民。為什么他們會(huì)背井離鄉(xiāng)？他們的家鄉(xiāng)那么美麗，是我們會(huì)去旅游的地方。因?yàn)槟抢餂]有機(jī)會(huì)。于是我們會(huì)想，“嗯，不是有香蕉嗎?！泵刻煳覀兠绹?guó)會(huì) 消費(fèi)多少香蕉呢？ 全世界又有多少呢？ 中美洲的人們 從我們消費(fèi)的香蕉中 能獲利多少呢？ 他們得不到。利潤(rùn)都被美國(guó)的公司拿走了。我們認(rèn)為這不對(duì)。如果中美洲的人們 能得到一部分 我們買香蕉的錢，他們就不用背井離鄉(xiāng)。不用到美國(guó)邊境 尋求避難。這樣的話，許多孩子 可能就不用離開父母。

10:50

Now, we know that there are countries inthe world that actually have free education and have free health care for allof the people in their country. And that country is Cuba. Cuba has health carefor every one of their citizens, and they have a free college education forevery one of their citizens. They're 11 million citizens. Now, we think, if a poorcountry like Cuba can have these kind of resources, and we know that they're apoor country, then why can't some of the other wealthier countries, like theUnited States of America, do the same? I think that we can make that happen.

世界上有些國(guó)家對(duì)于自己的人民 教育和醫(yī)療都是免費(fèi)的。這個(gè)國(guó)家就是古巴。古巴公民的醫(yī)療是免費(fèi)的，大學(xué)教育也是免費(fèi)的。他們有1100萬公民。我們就會(huì)想，像古巴這樣窮的國(guó)家都能提供這樣的資源，大家都知道古巴不富裕，那為什么其他富裕的國(guó)家，比如美國(guó)，做不到呢？我覺得我們可以做到。

11:24

(Applause)

（掌聲）

11:28

But we know it's not going to happen untilwe, the people of the United States of America, and people throughout theworld, start making sure that they get public officials elected to theirgovernments that really care about the constituents, they care about people,they will commit to make sure that the resources that they have are going to beused for their citizens, and not to be used for war.

但我們也知道，除非美國(guó)人民，全世界人民，開始確保他們的政府官員真的關(guān)心選民，關(guān)心人民，承諾將他們掌握的資源用之于民，而不是用于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，這一切才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。

11:51

So, how do we make this happen? We have toget rid of the apathy, we have to get more people involved. We know that if wecan't have a democracy in the United States, we can't have democraciesthroughout the world, unless people participate. So it is imperative that allof us get out there and we say, "Get rid of the apathy, get off of thesidewalk, come and join the march for peace and justice, let's make CorettaScott's vision a reality, to have peace in the world."

所以我們應(yīng)該怎么做呢？我們要停止冷漠，讓更多的人參與進(jìn)來。我們明白，如果人們不參與進(jìn)來美國(guó)無法實(shí)現(xiàn)民主，全世界無法實(shí)現(xiàn)民主。當(dāng)務(wù)之急，我們要參與其中，振臂高呼，“消除冷漠，不再旁觀，加入和平和正義的游行，將科麗塔·斯科特的愿景變成現(xiàn)實(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)世界和平?！?/p>

12:20

We recently had midterm elections in theUnited States of America. And what did we see? We saw that so many more women,young people, people of color, LGBT folks, were all elected to public office.And we know this happened -- why? Because so many women were on the march. Wehad the Women's March in the United States. They had the Women's Marches allover the world. And so we now see that we have this potential. We have thispotential to get rid of the apathy. And if we get everyone involved, geteveryone committed, then, I think, we can make Coretta Scott's vision cometrue.

我們剛剛經(jīng)歷了美國(guó)的中期選舉。我們看到了什么？我們發(fā)現(xiàn)越來越多的婦女，年輕人，有色人種，LGBT人群，被選入了公共機(jī)構(gòu)。這是真的，為什么呢？因?yàn)槿绱硕嗟呐约尤肓擞涡?。美?guó)有婦女游行。世界各地都有婦女游行。我們看到自己身上的潛力。我們有潛力消除冷漠。如果我們讓每個(gè)人都參與進(jìn)來，都做出承諾，我覺得科麗塔·斯科特的愿景就能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。

12:56

So, I want to just remind everybody,throughout the world, one of the things is, we have power, poor people havepower, every citizen has power. But in order to achieve the peace that we allyearn for, then we've all got to get involved.

因此我想提醒各位，世界各地的人們，我們有力量，窮人有力量，每位公民有力量。但為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們所呼吁的和平，我們每個(gè)人都要參與進(jìn)來。

13:13

So, what do we say? Can we do it? We say,"Yes, we can!" And in Spanish, we say, "Sí, se puede."

大家怎么想？我們可以做到嗎？我們回答，“是的！我們可以！”用西班牙語說就是，“是的！我們可以！”

13:20

Thank you very much.

非常謝謝大家。

13:21

(Applause)

（掌聲）