新奇事件簿 童話故事歷史悠久

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The famous 19th-century fairy tale collector Wilhelm Grimm suggested fairy tales dated back thousands of years. Scientists now support his theory and claim that many of the fairy tales we know and love could be over 4,000 years old. Anthropologist Jamshid Tehrani and folklorist Sara da Silva say the oldest known fairy tale dates back over 6,000 years to the Bronze Age. This is a time between the Stone Age and Iron Age when humans first started making tools from metal. Dr Tehrani studied the evolution of our early languages. He found strong links between a tale called "The Smith and the Devil" and the Proto-Indo-European language an ancient common language that dates to around 6,000 ago.

19世紀(jì)著名童話搜集家威廉·格林認(rèn)為，童話故事可以追溯到數(shù)千年前。如今，科學(xué)家支持這一論斷，并認(rèn)為許多我們耳熟能詳?shù)耐捁适禄蛴?000多年歷史。人類學(xué)家賈姆希德·德黑蘭尼以及民俗學(xué)家薩拉·席爾瓦認(rèn)為，許多“化石”級(jí)童話故事可以追溯到6000多年前的銅器時(shí)代。這一時(shí)段處于石器時(shí)代和鐵器時(shí)代之間，人類也是從那時(shí)起開始用金屬制造器具。德黑蘭尼對早期語言進(jìn)行了研究。他發(fā)現(xiàn)童話故事“史密斯和惡魔”與原始印歐語關(guān)系密切，這種古代語言能夠追溯到約6000年前。

The two scientists analysed 275 tales for elements of culture that existed before modern languages like English, French and Italian. They say well-known tales like "Beauty and the Beast" and "Rumplestiltskin" are at least 4,000 years old. Dr Tehrani said: "It's remarkable that these stories have survived so long without being written down. They are older than the English language and would have been first told in a language that is now extinct." Many of the fairy tales we know today were first written down in the 17th century. Dr Tehrani says the new findings suggest that: "A substantial number of magical tales have existed in Indo-European oral traditions long before they were written down."

兩位科學(xué)家對275個(gè)童話故事中的文化因素進(jìn)行了研究，它們的歷史甚至要早于像英語、法語以及意大利語的存在時(shí)間。他們認(rèn)為像“美女與野獸”“侏儒怪”這樣的童話故事至少有4000年的歷史。德黑蘭尼認(rèn)為：“這些童話故事能夠以口頭形式流傳至今，這確實(shí)太不可思議。這些童話比英語還要古老，而最先通過口頭表達(dá)的語言也已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在。”許多我們現(xiàn)在熟悉的童話都是在17世紀(jì)以書面形式流傳下來。德黑蘭尼博士認(rèn)為新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)表明：“大量童話在原始印歐語的口述就已存在，并比書面流傳時(shí)間早得多。”