當(dāng)眾演講(public speaking)對很多人來說是壓力最大的使命。如下的一些提示可以幫助你克服當(dāng)眾講話的恐懼,給出一個讓人印象深刻的(memorable)演講。
開場白
演講開場,首先要問候聽眾,然后進入主題。
☉Thank you for inviting me today.
感謝你們今天的邀請。
☉It’s great to be here with you today.
今天能在這里和你們相聚真是太好了。
☉Today I’d like to start things off by sharing a story……
今天,我想通過一個小故事來開始我們的探討……
說明細節(jié)
當(dāng)你給出一些細節(jié)信息,如名字、事實、實例、數(shù)據(jù)、故事或者類比(names, facts, examples, statistics, stories or analogies)的時候,要做到簡潔明確、點到為止,無須展開討論。否則,會本末倒置,時間分配不均。這個環(huán)節(jié)要廣度而不是深度(breadth rather than depth)。聽眾留下深刻印象的是廣泛的實例和證據(jù)的總體性。
☉Let me give you a few examples……
我來給你們舉一些例子……
☉We can see this is true from……
通過……我們能夠看到這是正確的。
☉Here’s a story to illustrate my point.
一個故事可以證明我的觀點。
演練成就完美
在車?yán)锘蛟谂P室里,甚至在洗澡的時候可以預(yù)演一下,看看自己該如何演講、展開問題、引導(dǎo)思路以及證明觀點。開始前調(diào)試好設(shè)備,確保在使用時運轉(zhuǎn)正常。投影儀的故障會打亂所有的預(yù)先安排,使你無所適從。書面上和意識中(literally or mentally)的準(zhǔn)備越充分,壓力越小。
☉Can you show me the projector before we get started?
在我們開始之前,能否讓我看一下投影儀?
☉I’d like to have a few minutes alone before we start, if that’s okay.
在我們開始之前,如果可以的話,我想單獨待一會兒。
☉Let’s try out the equipment before everyone gets here, is that alright?
在大家到這里之前我們調(diào)好設(shè)備,好嗎?
預(yù)測在講演中或過后可能被提出的問題
諳熟主題的各個方面,無論深度還是廣度都要事先調(diào)查研究,這樣才會胸有成竹,不再緊張。如果碰巧被問到了一個你不是很肯定的問題,千萬別猜。猜測有損聽眾對你的信任(damage your credibility)。要明確地告知,你不知道這個特別問題的答案,但是會后會去了解并解答給提問人。他們不指望你無所不知,你不必掩飾或主動打擊自己的信心,聽眾會理解的。你只需將注意力放在下一個即將來臨的問題。
☉I’m not totally 100%sure about the answer to your question.Let me find the answer and get back to you.
關(guān)于您的問題,我不是百分之百肯定,讓我找到答案后再回復(fù)您。
☉To be honest, I don’t know the answer to your question.Can I find outand get back to you?
老實說,我不知道您的問題的答案。我能否找找隨后再回答您?
有效運用幻燈片
別當(dāng)著聽眾的面讀幻燈片上的內(nèi)容。不僅僅是因為枯燥(boring),而且幻燈片會把你鎖定在(fixed position)屏幕前的固定位置,甚至你讀完后會想不起來該說什么。除非是涉及幻燈片上的一些非常細節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)(specific data),否則都沒有必要讀幻燈片。幻燈片或圖片的作用之一是提示你(cue you)需要講解的內(nèi)容,用自己的話來介紹遠比讀幻燈片上的內(nèi)容有意義(entertaining)。
☉Let’s take a minute to talk about this area……
讓我們用一分鐘時間來講這個部分……
☉As you can see from this photo……
正如諸位在圖片中看到的一樣……
☉This photo reminds me of……
這張照片讓我想起……
總結(jié)演講當(dāng)天的緊張和壓力經(jīng)常會讓人如履薄冰、魂不守舍。最好的鎮(zhèn)靜劑就是把注意力集中到內(nèi)容的分析和細節(jié)的準(zhǔn)備上。通過緩慢的呼吸來放松,假裝鎮(zhèn)靜,不僅會瞞過聽眾,也會瞞過自己。講話過程中放慢語速,這樣不僅觀眾聽得清楚,也給自己更多的時間來思考。不要受主席臺和演講臺空間的限制,可以走到聽眾中去,這樣不僅會拉近與聽眾的距離,更會放松自己。對自己準(zhǔn)備的內(nèi)容要有信心,只要貫穿始終的主線不斷,就可以善始善終,即便是眾目睽睽,也能游刃有余,勝似閑庭信步。
Words 單詞表appealing吸引人的
brand品牌
comparison比較,對照
consultation咨詢;商量
consumer客戶
device設(shè)備
equipment設(shè)備
industrial psychology工業(yè)心理學(xué)
labeling標(biāo)簽;標(biāo)號
logo標(biāo)志
point點
prior在此之前,預(yù)先的
projector投影儀
remarkable非凡的,不平常的;顯著的
share分享,共享
training培訓(xùn)
workshop車間,工場
Phrases 短語表as a result of……由于……的結(jié)果
Better Business Bureau商業(yè)促進局
call(people)in讓(某人)進來
expert advice專家意見,專家咨詢
eye catching引人注目,惹眼
feel free(to do sth)無須拘束/輕松自由地(做某事)
gather oneself使振作;做好準(zhǔn)備
get inside(sb's)head了解(某人的)想法
get started開始
hook up(equipment)連接,插上
if that's alright如果合適,如果正常
in the first place首先,起初
look forward to期待,盼望
move on前進,繼續(xù)移動
outside opinion外界輿論
put together放在一起
sales figures銷售指數(shù),銷售數(shù)字
start things off by……以……作為開端
take a look看一下,瞧一瞧
take a minute(to do sth)用/花點時間(做某事)
the point of(sth)is……(某事)的重點在于……
try out(equipment)調(diào)試/試用(設(shè)備)
實景對話1A:Thanks for coming today to share with us. I'm really looking forward to your presentation. Here's the room where you will be presenting.
B:Can you show me the projector before we get started?I'd like to try out the equipment before we start, if that's alright.
A:Of course. Here, let me get it hooked up for you.There……
B:Perfect.Thank you.
A:Is there anything else I can get you before I call everyone in?
B:I'd like to have a few minutes alone before we start, if that's okay. If you could just give me five minutes to gather myself, then call everyone. That would be wonderful.
A:No problem.
(5 minutes later, everyone is assembled)
A:We'd like to welcome our speaker today. Mr.Rutherford Peterson is visiting us today from Shanghai Solutions. He has put together a great training workshop for us on brand development.Let's all welcome Mr.Peterson.
B:Thank you for inviting me today. It's great to be here.Today, I'd like to start things off by sharing a story……
A:感謝您今天的到來。我真的非常期待您的演講。這里是您做演講的房間。
B:在我們開始之前,能否讓我看一下投影儀?如果沒什么問題的話,我想在開始前試用設(shè)備。
A:當(dāng)然,在這兒。我?guī)湍悠饋?。好了…?
B:太好了,謝謝您。
A:在叫大家進來之前,您還需要我為您做什么?
B:在我們開始之前,如果可以的話,我想單獨待一會兒。如果您能給我5分鐘來調(diào)整一下,再叫大家進來,那就太好了。
A:沒問題。
(5分鐘以后,大家進來就座)
A:我們歡迎今天的演講者。今天造訪我們的是來自上海咨詢方案的盧瑟?!け说蒙壬K麑⒕推放频陌l(fā)展為我們組織一個出色的演講。讓我們一起歡迎彼得森先生。
B:感謝諸位的邀請。我很高興能來這里。今天,我想通過一個故事來開始我們的探討……
實景對話2A:Feel free to ask questions at anytime during the presentation. Let's move on to our first point.(Show first slide)Let's talk about the importance of design to our marketing success. As you can see from this photo, color is one of the most important eye catching devices you can use in the design of your logo or product labeling.We can see this is true from the sales figure comparisons done between our products before the logo change and after the logo change.Let's take a look at the graph.(Show second slide)It's quite remarkable, really, when you consider the only change made was to the label color.
B:Why did they decide to change the color in the first place?
A:The decision was made as a result of prior marketing research and a consultation with an industrial psychologist. Let's take a minute to talk about this area.The point of our marketing is to make our product available and appealing to more consumers.If we want to get inside the consumers'head, it's very helpful to get outside opinion and expert advice.Let me give you a few examples.In 2004,our department hired an independent consultant to evaluate the effectiveness of our marketing strategy……
C:Sorry to interrupt, but I was wondering who the consultant was?
A:I know it was a professional that was recommended by the Better Business Bureau, but to be honest, I am not certain of the name. Can I find out and get back to you?
A:在介紹期間的任何時間都可以自由發(fā)問。讓我們進入第一點。(放第一張幻燈片)我們來談?wù)勗O(shè)計對于市場營銷的重要性。正如諸位在圖片中看到的一樣,在標(biāo)志和產(chǎn)品商標(biāo)設(shè)計過程中,顏色是最吸引眼球的工具之一。可以通過標(biāo)志轉(zhuǎn)變前和轉(zhuǎn)變之后的銷售指數(shù)對比明顯地看到這一事實。我們來看圖表。(放第二張幻燈片)考慮到唯一的改變只是標(biāo)簽的顏色,效果還是挺明顯的。
B:他們?yōu)槭裁礇Q定改變當(dāng)初的顏色?
A:這個決定是市場研究和工業(yè)心理學(xué)專家咨詢以后的結(jié)果。讓我們花一分鐘來談?wù)撨@個。營銷的要點在于使產(chǎn)品變得實用、有吸引力從而迎合更多的消費者。如果想了解消費者的心理,外界評價和專家的建議是非常有用的。我來舉些例子。2004年的時候,我們部門雇了一位獨立顧問,以評價我們市場戰(zhàn)略的有效性……
C:對不起打斷一下,我想知道那位顧問是誰?
A:我知道是商業(yè)促進局推薦的專業(yè)人士,不過老實說,我不是很確定他的名字。我找到后再告訴您,好嗎?