101 限定詞之間的位置搭配
根據(jù)限定詞在名詞前的位置關(guān)系,我們把限定詞區(qū)分為三類(lèi):前位限定詞 (pre-determiner)、中位限定詞 (central determiner)和后位限定詞 (post-determiner)。
注意:以上句子看起來(lái)并不通順,是因?yàn)槿N限定詞很少會(huì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn),通常情況下只用一種或兩種。
(1)前位限定詞
1)種類(lèi)
前位限定詞主要是用來(lái)說(shuō)明名詞的數(shù)量,主要有三種。
①表示倍數(shù)關(guān)系的數(shù)量形容詞:
half my salary
twice my salary
double my salary
three times my salary
②表示幾分之幾的數(shù)詞:
one third my salary
two-thirds my salary
③個(gè)體形容詞:
all my salary
both my salaries
2)共存性
前位限定詞一般互相排斥,不能共存。例如我們不能說(shuō):
all half my salary *
half double her income *
(2)中位限定詞
1)種類(lèi)
①冠詞:the,a,an
all the book
half an hour
twice the size
②物主形容詞:my,your,his,her,our,their
all my money
all his friends
③指示形容詞:this,that,these,those
all these problems
twice that size
four times this amount
④名詞屬格:
all John’s friends
2)共存性
中位限定詞亦彼此排斥,不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)。例如我們不能說(shuō):
my the money *
our these problems *
(3)后位限定詞
1)種類(lèi)
①基數(shù)詞或序數(shù)詞:one/first,two/second,three/third等。
the two children
his fourth birthday
②一般序數(shù)詞:next,last,past,previous,subsequent,other,another等。
my next plan
our last meeting
your previous mistake
her subsequent response
③數(shù)量形容詞:few,many,several,little,less,more等。
my many friends
our several achievements
the few friends that I have
2)共存性
不同于相互排斥的前位和中位限定詞,后位限定詞可以同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在名詞前。
my next two plans
several other people
但也有先后順序問(wèn)題:
①序數(shù)詞/一般序數(shù)詞+基數(shù)詞:
the first two weeks
during the next 50 years
②序數(shù)詞/一般序數(shù)詞+數(shù)量形容詞:
during the past few years