51 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)用法（一）：表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且仍然在持續(xù)的動(dòng)作　Track 051

（1）與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用
強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)，表示開始于過去的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且動(dòng)作還沒有結(jié)束，還將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。此時(shí)的完成進(jìn)行時(shí)常與“for +時(shí)間段”“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”或all morning，all day，all week這樣的表示“一段時(shí)間”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，以強(qiáng)調(diào)在這段時(shí)間，某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)正在持續(xù)。

 
注：圖中黑點(diǎn)表示現(xiàn)在和過去兩個(gè)時(shí)刻；粗箭頭表示動(dòng)作在一直持續(xù)；細(xì)箭頭表示該動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。
例句
a. It began raining two hours ago and it’s still raining.
It has been raining for the past two hours.
b. It began raining at 8 o’clock. Now it’s still raining.
It has been raining since 8 o’clock.
c. It has been snowing all day. I wonder when it will stop.
d. Clint is chatting on QQ now. He has been chatting on QQ for five straight hours. He must be tired.
e. These pop fans have been waiting for the famous singer for nearly three hours in the cold, but he still hasn’t shown up.
（2）可以不與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用
上述例句均含有表示“一段時(shí)間”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，表示到說話時(shí)刻動(dòng)作仍在持續(xù)。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)還可以不帶具體的表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)它表示最近一段時(shí)期內(nèi)正在持續(xù)的活動(dòng)。
例句
a. I have been thinking about changing my job.
我最近一直在考慮換工作。
b. I have been thinking about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice.
我一直在思考你說的話，并已決定聽從你的建議。
c. All the students have been studying hard, for final exams will start next week.
學(xué)生們都在用功學(xué)習(xí)，因?yàn)橄滦瞧诰鸵谀┛荚嚵恕?/div>