11 BURN: 燒，燃燒，燒毀，燒掉

11 BURN: 燒，燃燒，燒毀，燒掉

詞組講解

1. burn one's bridges behind one ** 切斷后路，破釜沉舟

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：燒毀身［后（behind）］的橋梁，引申為斷掉后路、不能后退

例 Ed knew he had burned his bridges behind him and could not depend on any of his old colleagues in the future if he ever needed help.

2. burn oneself out / burn out ** 筋疲力盡或損害了自己的健康

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：將自己燃燒［殆盡（out）］

例 If he doesn't stop working so hard, he'll burn himself out.

3. burn sb. at the stake ** 行火刑；嚴(yán)厲地譴責(zé)、懲罰

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：燒被綁在［火刑柱（stake）］上的人

例 Anyone who failed to reach their monthly sales target will be burned at the stake.

4. burn sb. in effigy ** 燒某人的模擬像（泄憤等）

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：將某人的［模擬像（effigy）］燒掉；參照 hang sb. in effigy

例 Several state leaders were burned in effigy at the demonstration.

5. burn sb. or sth. to a crisp ** 燒焦

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：將某人或某物［噼里啪啦地（to a crisp）］燒掉

例 I lay in the sun all day and got burnt to a crisp.

6. burn sb. or sth. up *** 燒掉，焚化；生氣

解 〈口〉短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：將某人或某物［徹底地（up）］燒掉

例 The letter fell into the fireplace, where it quickly burned up.

Senator Cranston's remarks are said to have burned the President up.

7. burn sth. down / burn down sth. *** 全部燒掉，焚為平地

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：將某物燒［掉（down）］

例 A serial arsonist in Chicago has burned downed fifteen churches since 1993.

8. burn sth. out / burn out sth. *** 因摩擦或過(guò)熱而不能操作；燒壞

解 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；詞義溯源：將某物［徹底地（out）］燃燒；參照burn oneself out

例 The TV set requires 110 volts. If you plug it into 220 volts, you'll burn it out.

9. burn the candle at the both ends ** 因超負(fù)荷工作而耗盡精力；操勞過(guò)度

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：同時(shí)燃燒蠟燭的兩端

例 I've been burning the candle at both ends and trying get this project completed on time.

10. burn the midnight oil ** 挑燈夜戰(zhàn)；開(kāi)夜車(chē)

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：在夜里燃燒燈油

例 I'm afraid we're going to have to burn the midnight oil tonight.

11. burn with a low blue flame ** 酩酊大醉

解 習(xí)語(yǔ)；詞義溯源：酒喝得太多以至于都燃燒出［火焰（flame）］來(lái)

例 The report upset him, and he's been burning with a low blue flame all day.

參考譯文

1. 埃德知道他已經(jīng)切斷了所有退路，就算將來(lái)需要幫助，也不可能依靠他的這些老同事了。

2. 他繼續(xù)這樣拼命工作下去會(huì)累垮的。

3. 未能達(dá)到月度銷(xiāo)售目標(biāo)的人將受?chē)?yán)懲。

4. 示威人群燒掉了幾個(gè)國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的畫(huà)像以發(fā)泄心中的憤恨。

5. 我在太陽(yáng)下躺了一整天，都快烤焦了。

6. 信掉進(jìn)火爐中，很快就被燒掉了。

據(jù)說(shuō)克蘭斯頓議員的評(píng)論讓總統(tǒng)非常生氣。

7. 芝加哥一名縱火慣犯自1993年以來(lái)燒毀了15座教堂。

8. 電視機(jī)的電壓為110伏。如果你插入220伏，就會(huì)把它燒壞。

9. 我一直在拼命，努力準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

10. 恐怕我們今晚得熬夜了。

11. 那則報(bào)道讓他很煩惱，因此他每天都喝得酩酊大醉。