1. 形式是單數(shù),意義是復(fù)數(shù)的名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如:people, cattle, poultry, police, youth等。
The police are searching for the robber.
警察們正在搜尋那個(gè)搶劫犯。
2. 單復(fù)同形的集體名詞作主語(yǔ),如:group, class, team, family, nation, population, public, party, crew, company, union, staff, couple, committee, crowd, firm, orchestra等,根據(jù)意義一致原則決定謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)。
My family is a large one .
我的家庭是個(gè)大家庭。
The Chinese people are a great people.
中國(guó)人民是個(gè)偉大的民族。
My class are all fond of singing.
我班都喜歡唱歌。
3. Chinese, French, mathematics, statistics, electronics, economics, politics, linguistics, optics等表示語(yǔ)言或?qū)W科的單詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用作單數(shù)。
Chinese is a difficult language.
漢語(yǔ)是一種難學(xué)語(yǔ)言。
注意: Chinese, Japanese, French, English表示某國(guó)人時(shí),根據(jù)意義一致原則決定謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)。
The French are famous for their good wines.
法國(guó)人以他們的好葡萄酒而出名。
A Japanese has just come for help.
一個(gè)日本人剛才來(lái)求救。
4. works(工廠),means(方法),series(系列),deer(鹿),sheep(綿羊)根據(jù)所暗示的數(shù)來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)。
Such means are unsuitable.
這樣的方法不合適。(means與all, such, these, those等詞連用,則意義為復(fù)數(shù)。)
A means to solve the problem is found.
一個(gè)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法已經(jīng)找到了。(means與a, such a, this, that, every等詞連用,則意義為單數(shù)。)
There is an iron and steel works in my hometown.
我的家鄉(xiāng)有一家鋼鐵廠。
5. 以-s結(jié)尾的表示由成對(duì)部分組成的物體的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如trousers, glasses, scissors, pants等。如果這些詞由a pair of, a couple of連用,動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與pair, couple的數(shù)保持一致。
Your glasses are broken.
你的眼鏡破了。
One pair of trousers isn't enough.
一條褲子是不夠的。
Three couples of books are on the desk.
有6本書(shū)在課桌上。
6. clothes, goods, wages, stairs , taxes, earnings, belongings, savings, leavings作復(fù)數(shù)用,其后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。
Goods are sold out.
貨物已被賣(mài)出。
His wages are more than 600 yuan a month.
他的工資是每月六百元。
My earnings this year are not half of yours.
我今年的收入不到你的一半。
7. news, music, equipment, luggage, information, furniture, advice, progress等不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
The equipment has been fixed.
設(shè)備已經(jīng)修理好。
專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
1. The news _______ a great blow to her when she heard it.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
2. The crew _______ standing in different parts of the ship at that moment.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
3. Mathematics _______ a very important subject.
A. was
B. is
C. are
D. were
4. The government _______ hoping to make their findings known soon.
A. is
B. has been
C. are
D. be
5. The committee _______ among themselves for four years.
A. has been arguing
B. has been argued
C. have been arguing
D. have been argued
6. The auxiliary police _______ to report for duty at the headquarters.
A. are required
B. required
C. is required
D. will required
7. Politics _______ one of the subjects that _______ taught in the middle school.
A. are; are
B. is; are
C. shall; is
D. were; are
答案速查 1-5 DCBCC 6—7 AB