金融時報:睡覺就能“漲知識”？
睡覺就能“漲知識”？
最新研究稱睡眠可以有效地幫助記憶學(xué)習(xí)——做夢和記憶鞏固有著密不可分的關(guān)系。所以想要學(xué)習(xí)一門新的語言，可能在上面睡一覺也是不錯的方式。
測試中可能遇到的詞匯和知識：
probe探查；用探針探測[pr??b]
physiological生理學(xué)的，生理的[,f?z??'l?d??k?l]
REM快速眼動睡眠
participant參與的；有關(guān)系的[pɑ?'t?s?p(?)nt]
consolidation鞏固；合并；團結(jié)[k?n,s?l?'de???n]
lag落后；遲延[l?g]
If you want to learn, sleep on it（313 words）
By Denis Schluppeck
If you want to learn a language, try sleeping on it. This is the advice from researchers at Swansea University who are studying the interaction between sleep patterns, dreaming and memory consolidation — the process for laying down more securely memories in the brain.
In a forthcoming study in the Journal of Sleep Research, the scientists looked at how sleep and the value attached to pieces of information affect their memorability. Participants in the study slept in a specially designed lab, while their brain activity was being monitored.
Native English speakers who had recently arrived in Wales had to memorise Welsh words and were tested on them 12 hours later. One group had to remember the information during the daytime, while the other slept on it in the lab.
The sleepers performed significantly better in a test of their newly acquired vocabulary — and caring about the Welsh language further improved performance.
Related work in the sleep lab, presented at the British Science Festival, aims to understand whether dreams have a physiological role or whether they are a byproduct of other events occurring during sleep. To understand the timing and content of dreams, the team analysed the dreams participants reported in their own words, immediately on being woken.
This research found that the likelihood of experiencing a dream is particularly high — about 80 per cent — during REM sleep. This part of the sleep cycle, characterised by rapid eye movements, is thought to play an important role in memory consolidation.
Electrical activity in the brain varies significantly at different stages of sleep. This helped researchers to monitor sleep duration and quality, and to wake participants at particular points in the sleep cycle.
The research found daytime events were more likely to be incorporated into dreams with a one-day delay and to recur after another five to seven nights. This phenomenon has been termed the dream-lag effect.
請根據(jù)你所讀到的文章內(nèi)容，完成以下自測題目：
1.Which is not right about the study of researchers at Swansea University?
A.speaking
B.sleep patterns
C.dreaming
D.memory consolidation
答案(1)
2.Which is not right about the study in the Journal of Sleep Research?
A.how sleep and value attached affect memorability
B.monitored body movement
C.participants slept in the designed lab
D.monitored brain activity
答案(2)
3.Which is not right about the related work in the sleep lab?
A.whether dreams have a physiological role
B.whether dreams are the conditioned reflex
C.whether dreams are a byproduct
D.timing and content of dreams
答案(3)
4.What is the percentage of the likelihood of experiencing a dream?
A.50 per cent
B.60 per cent
C.80 per cent
D.85 per cent
答案(4)
* * *
(1)答案：A.speaking
解釋：英國斯旺西大學(xué)的研究者在做一項有關(guān)睡眠類型，做夢和記憶鞏固之前關(guān)系的研究。
(2)答案：B.monitored body movement
解釋：在睡眠調(diào)研的日志中，科學(xué)家觀察了睡眠和附加的碎片信息如何影響著參與實驗者的睡眠，并且他們要睡在特殊設(shè)計的實驗室中，他們的大腦活動也會被時刻監(jiān)控著。
(3)答案：B.whether dreams are the conditioned reflex
解釋：睡眠實驗室的相關(guān)工作想通過研究來了解做夢是否有著生理學(xué)的角色，他們是否是夢中發(fā)生的其他事件的副產(chǎn)品，還要了解做夢的時間和內(nèi)容。
(4)答案：C.80 per cent
解釋：調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn)在睡眠中出現(xiàn)做夢的概率非常高，大概有百分之八十的可能性。
