第23章　狀　語(yǔ) 23.3　介詞短語(yǔ)和相關(guān)副詞作狀語(yǔ)

23.3　介詞短語(yǔ)和相關(guān)副詞作狀語(yǔ)

23.3.1　介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)

介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)的時(shí)候最多，可以表示：

1) 時(shí)間：

She was born in 1990. 她是1990年出生的。

A reception was held on New Year's Eve. 除夕晚上開(kāi)了一個(gè)招待會(huì)。

He swims every day during the summer. 夏天他每天都游泳。

She stayed with me throughout my illness. 在我生病期間她都陪著我。

2) 地點(diǎn)：

We sat down on the grass. 我們?cè)诓莸厣献隆?

English is being spoken all over the world. 全世界都講英語(yǔ)。

She had pains in her back all the time. 她一直背疼。

I live at 403, Brook Street. 我住在布魯克街403號(hào)。

3) 方式：

I'm going there by plane (bus, taxi). 我準(zhǔn)備坐飛機(jī)（巴士、出租車(chē)）去。

He stared at me in astonishment. 他驚異地凝視著我。

She faced it with calmness. 她鎮(zhèn)靜地面對(duì)它。

He looked at me without expression. 他毫無(wú)表情地看著我。

4) 原因：

I am so sorry for what I said to you. 我為我對(duì)你說(shuō)的話而抱歉。

Her sister had died of cancer. 她姐姐因癌癥而死。

She is now, owing to ill health, not so active in class. 由于身體不好，她在課堂上不那么活躍。

He's angry on that account. 為此他很生氣。

5) 其他：

She was pleased with the result. 她對(duì)結(jié)果感到滿意。

In my opinion, the scheme is unsound. 照我看，這計(jì)劃不夠穩(wěn)妥。

I think you are prejudiced against Jack. 我想你對(duì)杰克有偏見(jiàn)。

He quarreled with everyone. 他和誰(shuí)都吵架。

23.3.2　be＋形容詞＋介詞短語(yǔ)

1) 這種結(jié)構(gòu)非常普遍，許多形容詞可以跟介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)：

He was fond of history. 他很喜歡歷史。

She was very keen on art. 她酷愛(ài)藝術(shù)。

He was afraid of nothing. 他什么也不怕。

She was frightened of the police. 她害怕警察。

He's not interested in research. 他對(duì)研究工作沒(méi)興趣。

She was annoyed with me. 她生我的氣。

He was angry with me (at what I said). 他生我的氣（對(duì)我的話生氣）。

I'm ashamed of what I did. 我為我的行為感到羞愧。

Of course she's proud of what you've done. 她自然為你的行為感到驕傲。

He was amazed at her attitude. 他對(duì)她的態(tài)度感到驚訝。

I'm bored with the subject. 對(duì)這問(wèn)題我已感到厭煩。

What are you busy about? 你在忙什么？

She is very glad (happy) about her new job. 她為她的新工作而高興。

He was delighted with the child (at the news). 他很喜歡這孩子（聽(tīng)了這消息很高興）。

He was sorry about her departure. 他為她的離去感到難過(guò)。

She was good at looking after people. 她善于照顧人。

We are fully aware of the gravity of the situation. 我們完全意識(shí)到形勢(shì)的嚴(yán)峻。

He was completely absorbed in his work. 他專(zhuān)心致志于他的工作。

He is full of good ideas (hope and happiness). 他好主意很多（充滿希望和喜悅）。

She is jealous of you. 她嫉妒你。

They were pleased with the girl (their new house). 他們很喜歡這女孩（他們的新房子）。

I'm very satisfied with you (the present situation). 我對(duì)你（目前形勢(shì)）很滿意。

He was eager for success. 他渴望成功。

She was excited about it (at hearing this). 對(duì)此（聽(tīng)了這消息）她很興奮。

You should be content with what you have. 你應(yīng)該滿足于你已有的東西。

Lily has been anxious for your return. 莉莉一直盼望你回來(lái)。

Be careful of what you are doing (with your work). 要小心做事（你的工作）。

He's careless about his appearance (money matters). 他對(duì)自己的外表（金錢(qián)的事）漫不經(jīng)心。

I'm quite certain (sure) of it. 我對(duì)此是有把握的。

She's used (accustomed) to doing this work. 她習(xí)慣于做這種工作。

The driver is responsible for the accident. 發(fā)生這事故開(kāi)車(chē)的人有責(zé)任。

She is liable to colds (disease). 她容易感冒（生?。?。

He's quite capable of neglecting his duties. 他完全有可能玩忽職守。

I'm most grateful to you. 我對(duì)你非常感激。

He was faithful to his principles. 他忠于他的原則。

2) 有時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)可以是一樣?xùn)|西或事物：

Your system is different from ours. 你們的制度和我們的不同。

France is famous for its wines. 法國(guó)因其葡萄酒而出名。

Wheat is similar to barley. 小麥和大麥相像。

Is the book suitable for publication? 這書(shū)適合出版嗎？

Vegetables are good for you. 蔬菜對(duì)你有好處。

It's ready for use immediately. 它馬上就可使用。

His death was due to negligence. 他的死是疏忽造成的。

The shipyard is capable of producing nuclear submarines. 這家造船廠能生產(chǎn)核潛艇。

No one's life is entirely free from troubles. 沒(méi)有哪個(gè)人的一生完全沒(méi)有麻煩事。

This was contrary to her usual habits. 這和她通常的習(xí)慣是相反的。

Her eyes were full of tears. 她眼中充滿淚水。

The room was almost bare of furniture. 這房間幾乎沒(méi)有家具。

The age was productive of men of genius. 那個(gè)時(shí)代天才輩出。

His argument is devoid of logic. 他的論證毫無(wú)邏輯性。

The streets were empty of traffic at night. 夜里街上沒(méi)有車(chē)輛。

23.3.3　用副詞小品詞作狀語(yǔ)

與介詞同形的副詞稱(chēng)為副詞小品詞（Adverb Particles），它們多數(shù)都可用作狀語(yǔ)：

I'm used to going about alone. 我習(xí)慣于獨(dú)來(lái)獨(dú)往。

Stars glittered above. 星星在天空閃爍。

He came across slowly. 他慢步走了過(guò)來(lái)。

He whistled softly as he walked along. 他一面走，一面輕輕地吹著口哨。

There was a clear stream running alongside. 旁邊流淌著一條清澈的小溪。

He looked around but could see nobody. 他四處張望，但看不見(jiàn)任何人。

He had never been in love before. 他從未談過(guò)戀愛(ài)。

Look behind. 往后瞧。

The rose-garden lay below. 玫瑰園在下方。

Marx did not merely see the surface but penetrated beneath. 馬克思不僅看到表面，而且深入其里。

Besides, I want you to promise me one thing. 此外，我要你答應(yīng)我一件事。

We visited the Art Gallery in the morning and an exhibition later, with a hurried lunch between. 我們上午先參觀了美術(shù)館，后來(lái)看展覽會(huì)，中間匆匆吃了一頓飯。

Kate came several times to the front door, but not beyond. 凱特曾幾次來(lái)到大門(mén)口，但沒(méi)有出大門(mén)。

Mr. Brown came by and saw us. 布朗先生從一旁走過(guò)，看見(jiàn)了我們。

The little girl has fallen down. 小女孩跌倒了。

A taxi came along and I got in. 一輛出租車(chē)開(kāi)過(guò)來(lái)，我坐了上去。

Stay inside till the rain stops. 留在家里，直到雨停了再出去。

The bird flew off. 鳥(niǎo)飛走了。

We went on down the road. 我們沿著馬路往前走。

Let's sleep out (in the garden). 咱們?cè)谕膺叄ɑ▓@里）睡。

He heard a step outside. 他聽(tīng)見(jiàn)外面有腳步聲。

Some wild geese have just flown over. 幾只大雁剛從上方飛過(guò)。

He walked past without noticing me. 他從一旁走過(guò)，卻沒(méi)看見(jiàn)我。

Shall I show you round? 我要不要帶你到處看看？

What have you been doing since? 在那以后你一直在干什么？

They wouldn't let us through. 他們不讓我們過(guò)去。

They followed a sound policy throughout. 他們一直奉行一項(xiàng)正確的政策。

The swimmer surfaced and went under again. 那游泳者浮上水面又潛入水下。

But he wasn't hard, underneath he was kind. 但他并不厲害，內(nèi)心里他很善良。

He got up and looked out of the window. 他站起身向窗外張望。

The curtains were white without and green within. 窗簾外面是白的，里面是綠的。