第8章　時(shí)　態(tài) 8.7　過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)

8.7　過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)

8.7.1　一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法

1) 一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去觀點(diǎn)看將要發(fā)生的事：

It was four o'clock. Soon the sun would come up. 這時(shí)是四點(diǎn)鐘，一會(huì)兒太陽(yáng)就要出來(lái)了。

Perhaps she would be willing to join us, I thought. 我想或許她會(huì)愿意加入到我們中來(lái)。

We stopped for a little while. After that we would go into town. 我們停留了一會(huì)兒，然后我們就將進(jìn)城。

From their trip to the west, they would return in October. 他們西部之行后將于十月回來(lái)。

He was sixty-eight. In two years he would be seventy. 他六十八了，再過(guò)兩年就七十了。

2) 這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中：

I knew you would agree. （比較：I know you will agree.） 我知道你會(huì)同意的。

I little thought you would object to the plan. 我沒(méi)想到你會(huì)反對(duì)這計(jì)劃。

I arose, telling him I would wait for him outside. 我站起身，告訴他我將在外面等他。

We expected that you would stay here. 我們預(yù)料你會(huì)住這兒。

I thought the roses would come out soon. 我想玫瑰不久就會(huì)開(kāi)花。

She never dreamed the place would be so beautiful. 她做夢(mèng)也沒(méi)想到這地方會(huì)這樣美。

還可用于下面這類從句中：

She was confident that she would find work. 她自信她會(huì)找到工作的。

I was certain that he would get over his illness. 我確信他會(huì)戰(zhàn)勝病魔。

He was sure that he would succeed. 他深信他能成功。

It was still a problem whether we would have time to do it. 我們是否有時(shí)間做這事還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。

8.7.2　過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)

1) 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示從過(guò)去觀點(diǎn)看將來(lái)某時(shí)會(huì)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作：

I thought Richard would be looking after her. 我想里查德會(huì)照顧她的。

She didn't know when she would be seeing them again. 她不知道她什么時(shí)候會(huì)再見(jiàn)到他們。

I asked him what he would be doing that night. 我問(wèn)他那天晚上他將會(huì)干什么。

He said he would be watching TV that night. 他說(shuō)那天晚上他將看電視。

2) 這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)和將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)是相似的，只不過(guò)是把觀點(diǎn)移到過(guò)去而已：

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3) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去觀點(diǎn)看將來(lái)某時(shí)前會(huì)已發(fā)生的事：

I thought you'd have left by this time. 我想到這時(shí)你會(huì)已經(jīng)走了。

She hoped that they would have got everything ready before she got back. 她希望在她回來(lái)以前他們已把一切都準(zhǔn)備好。

He told them he would have finished by 8 o'clock. 他告訴他們他八點(diǎn)前就會(huì)干完。

I guessed that Helen would have told her something. 我猜海倫會(huì)已告訴她一些情況。

4) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)用得很少，但用法和將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是一致的，只是把觀點(diǎn)移向過(guò)去而已：

She said she would have been teaching for twenty years by this summer. （比較：She will have been teaching for twenty years by this summer.）她說(shuō)到今年暑期她教書(shū)就已滿二十年了。

They told me that by the end of the year they would have been working together for thirty years. 他們告訴我到今年年底他們?cè)谝黄鸸ぷ骶蜐M三十年了。

8.7.3　“從過(guò)去觀點(diǎn)看將來(lái)”的一些其他表示法

“從過(guò)去觀點(diǎn)看將來(lái)”還有一些其他表示法：

1) was (were) going to——（過(guò)去某時(shí)）準(zhǔn)備做某事：

He was just going to go to bed when there was a knock at the door. 他正準(zhǔn)備睡覺(jué)時(shí)忽然有人敲門。

She was going to sell her old car and buy a new one. 她打算把舊車賣掉買輛新車。

I thought there was going to be a storm soon. 我想就將有一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)臨。

Was Mary going to come with us? 瑪麗準(zhǔn)備和我們一道去嗎？

2) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)——（過(guò)去某時(shí)）將要做某事：

He told me he was leaving in an hour. 他告訴我他一小時(shí)后就要走了。

I asked her whether she was coming to the party. 我問(wèn)她是否要來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。

I heard they were getting married in June. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)他們六月結(jié)婚。

She said she wasn't going out that evening. 她說(shuō)她那天晚上不外出。

3) was (were) about to——（過(guò)去某時(shí)）正要做某事：

We were about to leave when a car drove up. 我們正要離開(kāi)時(shí)一輛車開(kāi)了過(guò)來(lái)。

He said that he was just about to phone us. 他說(shuō)他正要給我們打電話。

I was about to take a bath when the telephone rang. 我正要洗澡時(shí)電話鈴響了。

He was about to win the race. Sudderly he stumbled and fell. 他賽跑就要獲勝時(shí)，突然腳下一絆摔倒了。

4) was (were) due to——定于（后來(lái)某時(shí)）做某事：

The passenger plane was due to take off in five minutes. 客機(jī)五分鐘后將起飛。

The conference was due to last five days. 會(huì)議將持續(xù)五天。

The Cox brothers were due to graduate that autumn. 考克斯兄弟將于那年秋天畢業(yè)。

He was due to speak that night. 他定于那天晚上發(fā)言。

5) was (were)+不定式——（過(guò)去某時(shí)）準(zhǔn)備將來(lái)做某事：

She was to take the 10:30 train, but she got to the station too late. 她本來(lái)打算坐十點(diǎn)半的火車，但她到達(dá)車站時(shí)已經(jīng)太晚了。

We were to have a picnic that afternoon. Suddenly it began to rain. 我們計(jì)劃那天下午去野餐，突然天下起雨來(lái)。

He was to go hunting after lunch. 午飯后他準(zhǔn)備去狩獵。

How were they to cross the river? 他們?cè)撛鯓舆^(guò)河呢？

All this I was to learn later. 這一切我后來(lái)才知道。

6) was (were)+不定式的完成形式——本來(lái)打算做某事：

We were to have met in the park, but he didn't turn up. 我們本來(lái)要在公園里會(huì)面的，但他沒(méi)有來(lái)。

They were to have been married that year. Then the war broke out. 他們本來(lái)打算那年結(jié)婚的，后來(lái)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。

I was to have told you about it, but haven't found time to do so. 我本來(lái)想告訴你的，卻沒(méi)騰出空來(lái)跟你說(shuō)。