美國(guó)文化脫口秀 第379期:2016年你必須知道的酒吧英語(yǔ)
關(guān)鍵詞：
酒：英語(yǔ)說(shuō)法有很多!
酒的說(shuō)法實(shí)在太多了，除了最常見的葡萄酒(wine)，今天的節(jié)目里還提到了以下這些酒的說(shuō)法，先給大家列出來(lái)，具體的解釋都在節(jié)目里：
alcohol: 酒、酒精
booze (informal): 酒 (口語(yǔ))
liquor: 烈酒
spirit: 烈酒，中國(guó)白酒就叫Chinese spirit
hooch: 烈酒 (口語(yǔ))
moonshine: 自家私釀酒
Booze口語(yǔ)最常用
We've got plenty of booze at the party: 我們開派對(duì)會(huì)有很多酒He boozes too much/He boozes a lot/He hits the booze pretty hard: 他非常愛喝BYOB (Bring your own booze): 自帶酒出席，在派對(duì)的邀請(qǐng)里會(huì)縮寫成BYOBBooze, like alcohol, is an all-encompassing term: Booze跟alcohol一樣，包括各種酒美國(guó)買酒，要到liquor store
北美賣酒的店統(tǒng)稱liquor store
In some states, you have to go to the liquor store to get liquor; there're some states thathave liquor in the grocery store: 在美國(guó)，有些州規(guī)定只有酒類專賣店才能出售酒。但有些州，超市里就有賣酒There're also beer stores that only sell beer and wine, but no liquor: 也有些店叫beer store, 只賣啤酒和紅酒，不賣烈酒Liquor也能當(dāng)動(dòng)詞：
Liquorsomeone up: 灌醉一個(gè)人
He's all liquored up: 他喝多了
如何用英語(yǔ)形容酒量?
形容酒量，千萬(wàn)別說(shuō)I'm good at drinking或者bad at drinking.
最常用的說(shuō)法是I can drink或I can't drink，后面不用再另加名詞“酒”。很簡(jiǎn)單吧!
I don't drink/I'm not a drinker: 我不喝酒、我酒量不好I can drink/I can drink a lot: 我酒量很好酒精過敏、上臉：
I'm allergic to alcohol: 我酒精過敏
I turn red and itchy if I drink: 我喝酒就會(huì)皮膚發(fā)紅發(fā)癢I don't really drink that much any more; I used to drink a bit more when I was younger: 我現(xiàn)在喝得少了，年輕的時(shí)候喝的比較多The few times that I do drink now, I very quickly get headaches:我偶爾喝幾次，但喝完都會(huì)頭痛Maybe I'm drinking crap: 可能我喝的都是劣質(zhì)的酒To turn red when you drink: 喝酒上臉
When some people get drunk, their eyes and noses turn red: 有些人喝醉了眼睛鼻子會(huì)發(fā)紅You don't react to alcohol in the same way we do: 中國(guó)人和美國(guó)人對(duì)酒精的反應(yīng)不同You can spot an alcoholic from his red nose: 一個(gè)人是不是酒鬼看鼻子就知道啦2016年你必須知道的酒吧英語(yǔ)
Moonshine: 不是月光族，是自家釀的酒
在美國(guó)，什么都要DIY，從裝修房子、組裝家具、到釀酒。私釀酒也有個(gè)有趣的名字：moonshine。
為什么叫“月光”?
美國(guó)1920年代有過一段禁酒令時(shí)期，制造、售賣、運(yùn)輸酒精含量超過0.5%以上的酒都屬違法。因此派生出私自釀酒、走私酒的行為。因?yàn)槭欠阜ǖ模砸弥潞陲L(fēng)高時(shí)偷偷進(jìn)行，moonshine一詞由此而來(lái)。
moonshine: 私釀酒
moonshiner: 自己釀酒的人
It's no longer illegal now: 現(xiàn)在不是犯法的The government's cool with it as long as the alcohol content is low: 只要你釀的酒度數(shù)不是太高，政府不會(huì)管Now, you can still call home-made booze moonshine: 現(xiàn)在，自己家私釀的酒還是可以叫moonshine創(chuàng)新小禮物: DIY葡萄酒套裝
美國(guó)很多超市都有賣wine kit, 一個(gè)能讓你自己在家釀葡萄酒的小套裝。里面有葡萄汁、酵母等原料，還有器皿。
You can buy wine kits in supermarkets and make your own wine at home: 超市里能買到葡萄酒DIY套裝, 買回去自己釀We used to have a neighbor who was from Italy: 我們家以前有個(gè)鄰居是意大利人They family grew grapes so they would make their own wine: 他們自己種葡萄，所以也自己釀葡萄酒They would do it outdoors by putting grapes in a barrel and stepping on them to mash the grapes: 他們會(huì)在室外，把葡萄放到一個(gè)大桶里，然后拿腳把葡萄踩爛美國(guó)人喝酒劃拳嗎?
中國(guó)人劃拳，美國(guó)人的drinking game可不太一樣。
Drinking game: 喝酒時(shí)玩的游戲
Finger-guessing game: 劃拳
We don't do that in America: 美國(guó)沒有劃拳Some Americans would do beer bong: 美國(guó)有種啤酒游戲，就是把酒灌倒一個(gè)漏斗狀的容器中，然后一口氣喝完一口悶怎么說(shuō)?
Down it/chug it/guzzle it: 一口悶
Prohibition: 美國(guó)禁酒令時(shí)期
仔細(xì)說(shuō)說(shuō)前面提到的禁酒令(prohibition)。1920年1月2日，禁止釀造和發(fā)售酒類的《沃爾斯特法令》在美國(guó)生效，理由是酒是犯罪的根源。
禁酒令在美國(guó)持續(xù)了十多年。最后終于在一波又一波的抗議聲中瓦解。
但這段獨(dú)特的歷史也給我們留下了一種特殊的酒吧文化——speakeasy，而且現(xiàn)在又再次復(fù)興。
The Prohibition in the States started around 1920 and ended in the early 30s after the Great Depression hit: 禁酒令在美國(guó)始于1920年，在經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條來(lái)襲后于30年代早期結(jié)束But people still drank; they just had these secret bars, known as speakeasies: 但老百姓還是照樣喝酒，只不過要去地下黑酒吧Itr's called speakeasy because you can't tell people about it: 這種酒吧叫speakeasy, 因?yàn)槟悴荒苈晱埑鋈?，跟之前說(shuō)的moonshine異曲同工Mobsters made a ton of money out of this: 黑幫靠非法賣酒發(fā)了大財(cái)Al Capone: 臭名昭著的美國(guó)黑幫頭目，禁酒令時(shí)期的風(fēng)云人物從紐約到魔都，speakeasy非常紅
Speakeasy酒吧這兩年在全球又紅了起來(lái)。
在上海也有很多。通常規(guī)模較小、裝修復(fù)古。當(dāng)然，一定要有復(fù)古精致的雞尾酒。
Many of the hottest bars in Shanghai are speakeasy-style bars: 現(xiàn)在上海最紅的就是禁酒令風(fēng)格酒吧They have retro decor: 裝修很復(fù)古
They serve Prohibition-era cocktails: 他們專做禁酒令時(shí)代的雞尾酒Craft cocktails: "功夫"雞尾酒
Don't order Cosmopolitan or Pina Colada in a speakeasy: 在speakeasy, 千萬(wàn)別點(diǎn)大都會(huì)、 椰林飄香這種大眾化的雞尾酒Microbrewery: 精釀啤酒
大家對(duì)品質(zhì)、手藝的要求越來(lái)越高。除了speakeasy, 還反映在啤酒上。
Microbrewery has become a global craze in recent years: 精釀啤酒這幾年來(lái)風(fēng)靡全球To brew beer: 釀啤酒
To distill: 蒸餾
Mass market beer doesn't taste good: 大眾化、大廠牌的啤酒味道不好Free-pour style cocktails: 不花心思隨便調(diào)的雞尾酒All of that goes hand in hand with the foodie culture: 酒文化的復(fù)興和吃貨文化的崛起緊密相連Microbrewery beers, craft cocktails and good food, who can blame them? 精釀啤酒、功夫雞尾酒、美食，這些誰(shuí)不愛?
If anything's worth doing, it's worth doing right: 既然做一件事就應(yīng)該把它做好"Consumption upgrade": 消費(fèi)升級(jí)
Consumers have become much more sophisticated: 消費(fèi)者更講究、更有品位了
