BBC紀錄片《大麻 罪惡之種》 第11期：大麻與海洛因的對比
To answer that question, scientists have turned to rats.
為了解答這個問題，科學(xué)家們用老鼠來做實驗。
Their brain chemistry is similar to ours, but unlike humans.
它們的腦部結(jié)構(gòu)和我們?nèi)祟惡芟嗨?，但與人類又不同。
It's possible to give them cannabis in controlled amounts to see if this increases their taste for heroin.
你可以給老鼠一定量的大麻，然后看它們會不會增加對海洛因的需要。
Dr. Steve Goldberg has been measuring the effects.
史蒂夫·高爾伯格博士正在測量這個影響。
Well, in this room, we've got two groups of chambers, one either side.
我們在這個房間里放了兩組籠子，分別放房子的兩端。
We're working with rats on this side that have had a previous exposure to cannabis.
我們正在研究的是接觸過大麻的老鼠，他們在這邊。
On the other side, the animals are control animals that have not had the exposure to cannabis.
另一邊的控制組，是沒有接觸過大麻的。
And we're looking at the differences between these two groups in terms of how much heroin they take and how hard they work for it.
我們要了解這兩組老鼠的差別，對于海洛因的需求量，以及渴求程度。
So what does this individual rat have to do here?
那這只老鼠在籠里做什么呢？
Dr. Steve Goldberg: He's in a test situation, a light comes on, tells him that heroin's available.
它正在實驗當中，當燈亮的時候，就意味著可以獲得海洛因了。
In order to get the heroin, he has to poke his nose through a hole, and he gets a dose of heroin.
為了得到海洛因，它必須把鼻子伸出一個洞外面，然后它就能得到一定的海洛因了。
The flashing light is now him receiving a dose of heroin.
要是燈開始閃，那就是它已經(jīng)得到海洛因了。
He's just had a dose of heroin?
所以這只剛吃過吧？
Yes.
是的。
Each group of rats, those who have been exposed to THC and the control group who haven't,
不管是用過THC的老鼠，還是沒用過的，這兩組老鼠都有機會吃海洛因，
have the opportunity to take heroin by poking their noses against a dispenser.
只要它們把鼻子頂一下分配器就行。
The number of nose-pokes or doses that each rat takes is measured automatically.
每只老鼠頂?shù)拇螖?shù)和使用的劑量都會被自動的記錄。
Steve then compares the results to see whether the past exposure to THC makes the rats more likely to take more frequent doses of heroin.
之后，史蒂夫會比較這些結(jié)果，看使用過THC的老鼠會不會更易頻繁使用海洛因。
So what results have you found for this rat and for other rats in his group?
所以，通過對比這兩組老鼠，你從中發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？
We found that rats that had exposure to cannabis in the past will work for and obtain more heroin each session than the control rats that didn't have the cannabis exposure.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在一定的時間內(nèi)，曾經(jīng)接觸過大麻的老鼠比那些沒接觸過的，會更加努力地得到更多的海洛因。
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