◎ with引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ),可用作狀語(yǔ),表示伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因、方式等。這種結(jié)構(gòu)有下面幾種變化形式。
(1)with+名詞
I filled the cup with water. 我給這個(gè)杯子倒?jié)M水。
I lent him the book with pleasure. 我高興地把書(shū)借給了他。
With a smile she came downstairs. 她面帶笑容走下樓來(lái)。(表示方式)
With your help,I can finish this work. 在你的幫助下,我能夠完成這項(xiàng)工作。(表示伴隨情況)
(2)with+名詞+形容詞
He likes to sleep with the window open. 他喜歡開(kāi)著窗睡覺(jué)。(表示伴隨情況)
(3)with+名詞+副詞
With Jim away,he had no one to talk with. 吉姆不在,他沒(méi)有人說(shuō)話(huà)了。(表示原因)
The streets are even more beautiful with all the lights on. 華燈齊放,大街更加漂亮了。(表示原因)
(4)with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞
With winter coming on,it is getting colder and colder day by day. 冬季來(lái)臨了,天越來(lái)越冷。(表示時(shí)間)
With the rain falling hard,they had to stay indoors. 天下大雨,他們不得不待在家里。(表示原因)
(5)with+名詞+過(guò)去分詞
All the morning he worked with the door closed. 他整個(gè)上午關(guān)著門(mén)工作。(表示伴隨情況)
He had to walk to school with the bike broken. 自行車(chē)壞了,他不得不步行上學(xué)。(表示原因)
(6)with+名詞+不定式
With Mary to help him,he is sure to succeed. 有瑪麗幫助,她肯定會(huì)成功的。(表示原因)
With the computer to do all the work,he had more free time. 有計(jì)算機(jī)做所有這些工作,他的空閑時(shí)間更多了。(表示原因)
(7)with+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)
They sat under the tree with their back to the wall. 他們背對(duì)著墻坐在樹(shù)下。(表示伴隨情況)
She walked into the classroom with a book in her hand. 她手里拿著一本書(shū)走進(jìn)了教室。(表示伴隨情況)