[A]4、a kind of，this kind of，many kinds of和a sort of
① kind作名詞用時(shí)，表示種類，比較下面的結(jié)構(gòu)：
a kind of+單數(shù)名詞（不加冠詞）→一種
this kind of+單數(shù)名詞（不加冠詞）→這種
many kinds of+
（不加冠詞）→許多種
different kinds of+
（不加冠詞）→不同種類
these kinds of+
（不加冠詞）→這些種類
all kinds of
（不加冠詞）→各種
This is a new kind of pen.
這是一種新型鋼筆。
This is a new kind of pens.
I like that kind of apple.
我喜歡那種蘋果。
I like that kind of an apple.
He saw many kinds of machine.
他見到了許多種機(jī)器。
He saw many kinds of machines.
He wants to buy different kinds of stamp.
他想買不同種類的郵票。
He wants to buy different kinds of stamps.
She lent me three kinds of book.
她借給我三種書。
She lent me three kinds of books.
He has read all kinds of story-book.
他讀過各種各樣的故事書。
He has read all kinds of story-books.
比較
This kind of book is worth reading. 這種書值得讀。（一種）
These kinds of books are worth reading. 這些種類的書值得讀。（多種）
What kind of book is it？它是什么種類的書？
What kind of books are these？這些是什么種類的書？（注意，在what kind of結(jié)構(gòu)中，kind一般不加s）
② many kinds of，different kinds of，these kinds of和all kinds of修飾名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Many kinds of shoes are on show in the shop. 商店里展出了許多種類的鞋。
There are all kinds of trees along the lake. 沿湖有各種各樣的樹。
③ a kind of+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞通常修飾kind，修飾名詞的情況偶爾也有，但不自然。
比較
That is a strange kind of animal.
那是一種奇怪的動(dòng)物。
That is a kind of strange animal.（不自然）
提示
據(jù)語言學(xué)家Quirk所著《綜合英語語法》，下面兩種說法均正確：
一杯熱咖啡
a hot cup of coffee
a cup of hot coffee
一群忙忙碌碌的蜜蜂
a busy swarm of bees
a swarm of busy bees
④ sort也可表示“種類”，多用于口語，常可同kind換用。但sort多指大體相同的人或物，而kind多指在本質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)上相同的人或物。
This sort/kind of shirt is cheaper. 這種襯衫便宜一些。
提示
在these sort of things，what sort of pens中，sort要用單數(shù)。
What sort of pens do you want？
你要哪種鋼筆？
What sorts of pens do you want？
⑤
比較
What kind of animal is it？這是什么動(dòng)物？（問種類）
What kind of an animal is it？這個(gè)動(dòng)物怎樣？（問優(yōu)劣，特點(diǎn)等）
提示
“kind of a+單數(shù)名詞”表示“怎樣一種”。
I don't know what kind of a man he is. 我不知道他是怎樣一個(gè)人。
What kind of a job are you going to take？你要做什么樣的工作？
He has some sort of an English accent. 他說話略帶英國(guó)口音。
⑥ kind of和sort of可以用作狀語，表示“有點(diǎn)”，修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。
He is kind of tired. 他有點(diǎn)累了。
I feel sort of worried about her. 我有點(diǎn)為她擔(dān)心。
I sort of believe it. 我有點(diǎn)相信這件事。
⑦ a sort of和of a sort表示“可以說是……的人、物”，暗示名不符實(shí)。
He is a sort of professor. 他也算是個(gè)教授吧。（=a professor of a sort）
a kind of+單數(shù)名詞（不加冠詞）→一種
this kind of+單數(shù)名詞（不加冠詞）→這種
many kinds of+
（不加冠詞）→許多種different kinds of+
（不加冠詞）→不同種類these kinds of+
（不加冠詞）→這些種類all kinds of
（不加冠詞）→各種This is a new kind of pen.
這是一種新型鋼筆。This is a new kind of pens.
I like that kind of apple.
我喜歡那種蘋果。I like that kind of an apple.
He saw many kinds of machine.
他見到了許多種機(jī)器。He saw many kinds of machines.
He wants to buy different kinds of stamp.
他想買不同種類的郵票。He wants to buy different kinds of stamps.
She lent me three kinds of book.
她借給我三種書。She lent me three kinds of books.
He has read all kinds of story-book.
他讀過各種各樣的故事書。He has read all kinds of story-books.
比較
This kind of book is worth reading. 這種書值得讀。（一種）
These kinds of books are worth reading. 這些種類的書值得讀。（多種）
What kind of book is it？它是什么種類的書？
What kind of books are these？這些是什么種類的書？（注意，在what kind of結(jié)構(gòu)中，kind一般不加s）
② many kinds of，different kinds of，these kinds of和all kinds of修飾名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Many kinds of shoes are on show in the shop. 商店里展出了許多種類的鞋。
There are all kinds of trees along the lake. 沿湖有各種各樣的樹。
③ a kind of+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)中，形容詞通常修飾kind，修飾名詞的情況偶爾也有，但不自然。
比較
That is a strange kind of animal.
那是一種奇怪的動(dòng)物。That is a kind of strange animal.（不自然）
提示
據(jù)語言學(xué)家Quirk所著《綜合英語語法》，下面兩種說法均正確：
一杯熱咖啡
a hot cup of coffee
a cup of hot coffee
一群忙忙碌碌的蜜蜂
a busy swarm of bees
a swarm of busy bees
④ sort也可表示“種類”，多用于口語，常可同kind換用。但sort多指大體相同的人或物，而kind多指在本質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)上相同的人或物。
This sort/kind of shirt is cheaper. 這種襯衫便宜一些。
提示
在these sort of things，what sort of pens中，sort要用單數(shù)。
What sort of pens do you want？
你要哪種鋼筆？What sorts of pens do you want？
⑤
比較
What kind of animal is it？這是什么動(dòng)物？（問種類）
What kind of an animal is it？這個(gè)動(dòng)物怎樣？（問優(yōu)劣，特點(diǎn)等）
提示
“kind of a+單數(shù)名詞”表示“怎樣一種”。
I don't know what kind of a man he is. 我不知道他是怎樣一個(gè)人。
What kind of a job are you going to take？你要做什么樣的工作？
He has some sort of an English accent. 他說話略帶英國(guó)口音。
⑥ kind of和sort of可以用作狀語，表示“有點(diǎn)”，修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。
He is kind of tired. 他有點(diǎn)累了。
I feel sort of worried about her. 我有點(diǎn)為她擔(dān)心。
I sort of believe it. 我有點(diǎn)相信這件事。
⑦ a sort of和of a sort表示“可以說是……的人、物”，暗示名不符實(shí)。
He is a sort of professor. 他也算是個(gè)教授吧。（=a professor of a sort）
