CNN News: 美國歷史上比較大市政破產(chǎn)案——波多黎各申請破產(chǎn)

The U.S. territory of Puerto Rico has filed for bankruptcy. And because it owes $73 billion in debt, this is the biggest municipal bankruptcy filling in U.S. history.
美國領(lǐng)土波多黎各申請破產(chǎn)。波多黎各負(fù)債730億美元，這是美國歷史上最大的市政破產(chǎn)案。
Bankruptcy is a process that has to be approved by a judge. If it is, it could allow the Caribbean island to pay back creditors less than what it owes. As things stand now, Puerto Rico has been missing payments on its debt for months.
破產(chǎn)是一個必須由法官批準(zhǔn)的程序。如果確實(shí)是破產(chǎn)，那加勒比海島波多黎各支付的還款可以少于債務(wù)。就目前情況來看，波多黎各已經(jīng)拖欠了數(shù)月的債務(wù)。
But one downside to bankruptcy is that it could make investors less willing to lend money to the island, and a lack of money is the problem to begin with.
但是破產(chǎn)有一個負(fù)面影響——它會使投資人更不愿意借款給波多黎各，而缺少資金就是問題的開端。
Puerto Rico has been in an economic recession for about 10 years. Its unemployment rate is more than 10 percent compared with less than 5 percent on the U.S. mainland. These are big reasons why the island's population has decreased by 350,000 people in the past 10 years. And fewer working residents means less tax revenue for the island's indebted government.
約十年以來，波多黎各一直處于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中。波多黎各的失業(yè)率超過10%，而美國內(nèi)陸地區(qū)的失業(yè)率不足5%。這些都是過去10年波多黎各減少35萬人口的主要原因。勞動力減少意味著該島負(fù)債累累的政府的稅收也隨之減少。
According to the Puerto Rico Statistics Institute, between 2013 and 2014, nearly 74,000 people migrated to the United States in search of a better life. Among them, doctors, engineers and teachers.
據(jù)波多黎各統(tǒng)計局稱，2013年至2014年，有近7.4萬名波多黎各人遷移到美國尋求更好的生活。這些人中有醫(yī)生、工程師還有教師。
This is the first time Puerto Rico faces an exodus. The first major migration occurred in the1950s. But back then, it was mainly farm workers and hard laborers that moved — to put it simply, the poor class in search of economic growth.
這是波多黎各第一次面臨遷移潮。第一次大規(guī)模遷移出現(xiàn)在上世紀(jì)50年代。但當(dāng)時，遷移者主要是農(nóng)場工人和勞苦工人——簡單來說，就是貧困階級尋求經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。
We are using a lot of the professional young people. In fact, Puerto Rico is an aging society — people like myself, for example, here. And we're not going anywhere. But the young people are leaving because there are no opportunities.
我們需要很多年輕的專業(yè)人才。實(shí)際上，波多黎各是一個老齡化社會——這里大都是年邁如我一般的人。我們不會離開，而年輕人會因?yàn)檫@里沒有機(jī)會而離開。
Lack of jobs and economic recession and higher taxes have influenced the migration. For now, Puerto Rico's economic crisis is only pushing more of its citizens to seek better opportunities elsewhere.
缺乏就業(yè)機(jī)會、經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退和高稅收導(dǎo)致了人們遷移。現(xiàn)在，波多黎各的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)只會迫使更多民眾去其他地方尋求更好的機(jī)會。
In Puerto Rico, Dania Alexandrino, CNN.